性状鉴别联合InDel标记检测快速鉴定柑桔品种  

Rapid Identification of Citrus Varieties Using DUS Testing Combined with InDel Marker

作　　者：刘小丰 王洪 刘梦雨 朱世平 江东[1,2] 曹立 余歆[1,2] LIU Xiaofeng;WANG Hong;LIU Mengyu;ZHU Shiping;JIANG Dong;CAO Li;YU Xin(Citrus Research Institute,Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center,Beibei,Chongqing,400712,China;Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China Science City,Jinfeng,Chongqing,401329,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学柑桔研究所/国家柑桔工程技术研究中心,重庆400712 [2]西部(重庆)科学城种质创制大科学中心,重庆401329

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第1期1-8,共8页South China Fruits

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(SWU221003);国家现代柑桔产业技术体系项目(CARS-Citrus)资助。

摘　　要：品种鉴定是植物品种保护的前提。基于表型性状的DUS测试是受国际认可和具有法律依据的鉴定方法,但对果树开展完整的DUS测试,往往面临测试周期长和近似品种选择困难的挑战。基于分子标记的检测能准确揭示品种的遗传特征,但很难成功鉴定部分芽变、回交、高世代分离选种等育种方式获得的品种。根据《植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性测试指南柑桔(NY/T 2435—2013)》的柑桔性状表,对5个测试材料(未知柑桔品种)进行部分(101个)性状鉴别,结果表明它们之间无明显性状差异。与国家柑桔种质资源圃(重庆)1900份柑桔种质资源的性状数据进行比对,发现测试材料与无核金诺(Citrus reticulata Blanco‘KinnowLS’)在1个性状(果实质量)上有1个代码值的差异,与091无核沃柑(C.reticulata Blanco‘091 Seedless Orah’)在4个性状(果实质量、果面主色、果面油胞凹凸、果汁含酸量)上分别有1~2个代码值的差异,由此确认091无核沃柑和无核金诺为测试材料的近似品种。进一步利用33个适用于琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测InDel标记进行分子检测,结果表明5个测试材料之间无位点差异,测试材料与无核金诺有0个位点的差异,与091无核沃柑有12个位点的差异。综合两种方法所得结果,5个测试材料被鉴定为无核金诺。性状鉴别联合InDel标记检测是准确、快速鉴定未知柑桔品种的有效方案。Variety identification is a prerequisite for plant variety protection,DUS(distinctness,uniformity,and stability)testing based on phenotypic traits is an internationally recognized and legally valid method.Nevertheless,conducting the complete DUS testing for fruit crops are usually faced with challenges such as long period and dilemma in selecting similar varieties.Although molecular markers can accurately reveal the genetic characteristics,it is difficult to identify the varieties derived from bud mutation,back crossing and selection in high generation segregation.According to the description in'Guide in DUS testing for new plant variety Citrus(NY/T 2435—2013)',we evaluated the five testing materials(unknown varieties)with 101 traits,found that they did not show visible difference.In a comparison with the trait data of 1,9o0 citrus germplasms in National Citrus Germplasm Repository(Chongqing,China),the testing materials showed the differences in one-code discrepancy of one trait(fruit weight)with Kinnow LS mandarin(Citrus reticulata Blanco),and one to twocode discrepancies of four traits(fruit weight,peel colour,oil gland status,acidity)with 091 Seedless Orah mandarin(C.reticulata Blanco),indicating that O91 Seedless Orah mandarin and KinnowLS mandarin were the similar varieties of those testing materials.Furthermore,33 agarose gel electrophoresis-resolved InDel markers were applied to test those materials.There were no polymorphic discrepancies among the five samples and Kinnow LS mandarin,but the testing samples showed 12 different loci compared to 091 Seedless Orah mandarin.Taken together,the five samples were identified as Kinnow LS mandarin.Trait evaluation combined with InDel marker detection is an effective solution for the quick and precise identification of unknown citrusvarieties.

关 键 词：柑桔 性状鉴别 INDEL标记 品种鉴定 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]