缓释肥料棒对香蕉生长、产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Slow-release Fertilizer on Growth,Yield and Quality of Banana

作　　者：谭宇捷 刘海林[2] 杨红竹[2] 黄丽娜[3] 程世敏 林清火[2] 茶正早[2] 罗微[2] TAN Yujie;LIU Hailin;YANG Hongzhu;HUANG Lina;CHENG Shimin;LIN Qinghuo;CHA Zhengzao;LUO Wei(School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan,570228,China;Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Rubber Tree Biology and Genetic Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Soil and Fertilizer Research Center,Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan,57110l,China;Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan,57110l,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院,海口570228 [2]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所/农业农村部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院土壤肥料研究中心,海口571101 [3]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海口571101

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第1期67-73,共7页South China Fruits

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(320QN348);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630022022002);国家香蕉产业技术体系儋州综合试验站(CARS-31-20)资助。

摘　　要：为了研究缓释肥料棒对香蕉生长、产量和品质的影响,设置常规施肥、缓释肥料棒、缓释肥料棒减施20%(80%缓释肥料棒)和对照(不施肥)等4个处理,比较分析各处理的香蕉株高、茎围、叶片数、养分积累量、产量与品质指标。结果表明,缓释肥料棒处理的香蕉叶片数较常规施肥显著增加6.55%,氮素积累量较常规施肥提高2.36%;80%缓释肥料棒处理磷、钾的积累量较常规施肥显著提高14.13%、24.40%。与常规施肥相比,缓释肥料棒处理能显著增加株产16.90%~17.63%,可食率显著提高6.46%~10.06%,但对香蕉可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和维生素C含量无显著性影响。综合考虑,缓释肥料棒减施20%为供试条件下最优施肥处理。In order to study the effects of slow-release fertilizer on the growth,yield and quality of banana,four treatments of conventional fertilization,slow-release fertilizer stick,20%reduced slow-release fertilizer stick(80%slow-release fertilizer stick)and control(no fertilization)were set up to compare and analyze the plant height,stem circumference,leaf number,nutrient accumulation,yield and quality indexes of banana.The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization,the number of leaves of banana treated with slow-release fertilizer stick increased significantly by 6.55%,the nitrogen accumulation increased by 2.36%,and the accumulation of phosphorus and potassium in 80%slow-release fertilizer stick treatment was significantly increased by 14.13%and 24.40%,also slow-release fertilizer stick treatment could significantly increase yield of single plant by 16.90%-17.63%and edible rate by 6.46%-10.06%,but had no significant effect on soluble solids,titratable acid and vitamin C content of banana.Overall consideration of above results,20%reduction of slow-release fertilizer stick was the optimal fertilization treatment under the test conditions.

关 键 词：香蕉 缓释肥料棒 养分积累 产量 可溶性固形物 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]