行政复议变更决定的运用  

The Application of Administrative Review Change Decision

作　　者：余凌云[1] 董佳乐 Yu Lingyun;Dong Jiale(Law School,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2024年第2期66-77,157,158,共14页Zhejiang Social Sciences

摘　　要：2023年《行政复议法》修改的重要内容即构建了以变更决定为核心的行政复议决定体系。这一修改更加贴切行政复议的功能定位,行政复议也能够进一步避免程序空转,真正发挥出解决行政纠纷的“主渠道”作用。但是,抽象而出的规则面对复杂具体的个案,仍会存在诸多理解和适用上的不确定性,有必要对新法中的变更决定条款作出解释,进一步细化其实践运用。具体而言,在事证明确类案件中,行政复议机关可以基于两种理由作出变更决定,一是适用依据正确,但是行政行为内容不适当,包括明显不当和一般意义上的“不适当”,以是否具有规则性条款或者裁量基准,建立双重审查标准体系;二是未正确适用依据,包括违法和不当适用依据的情形。在事证瑕疵类案件中,行政机关原则上适用变更决定,但事实认定过程对专业性要求高以及案件事实疑难复杂的情形,可以适用撤销决定。The important content of the revision of the Administrative Review Law in 2023 is the construction of the administrative review decision system centered on the change decision.This amendment is more in line with the functional position of administrative review,which can further avoid procedural idleness,and truly play the role of the“main channel”to resolve administrative disputes.However,the abstract rules still face many uncertainties in understanding and application when faced with complex and specific cases.It is necessary to explain the change decision clause in the new law and further refine its practical application.Specifically,in proven cases,the reviewing body can make a change decision based on two reasons:First,there is only an unreasonable situation in an administrative act,including obvious improperness and the general sense of the improperness.Establish a dual review standard system based on whether there are discretionary benchmarks.The second is the situation where the law is illegally or improperly applied.In the case of defective evidence,the reviewing body applies the change decision in principle,but in cases where the process of factual determination requires high professionalism or the facts are difficult and complex,the revocation decision can be applied.

关 键 词：行政复议 变更决定 合法性审查 适当性审查 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学] D922.11[政治法律—法学]