基于空化效应的带排转矩模型优化及试验测试  

Optimization and Experimental Testing of the Drag Torque Model Based on the Cavitation Effect

作　　者：李杰 廉海龙 兰海[2] 王志勇[2] Li Jie;Lian Hailong;Lan Hai;Wang Zhiyong(School of Mechanical-Electronic and Vehicle Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 102600,China;Vehicle Transmission Key Laboratory,China North Vehicle Research Institute,Beijing 100072,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学机电与车辆工程学院,北京102600 [2]中国北方车辆研究所车辆传动重点试验室,北京100072

出　　处：《机械传动》2024年第2期110-116,共7页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51675494);北京建筑大学金字塔人才培养工程(JDJQ20200308)。

摘　　要：某重型车辆混合动力传动系统湿式制动器在非制动作业时,由于油液的黏滞作用,摩擦副产生了带排转矩,造成功率损失。为能实现含有复杂沟槽结构流场的带排转矩精准预测,针对空气提前进入流场造成预测误差的问题,提出了一种通过空化数预测空化效应体积分数来优化带排转矩模型的方法。首先,通过不同工况下的模型计算,分析了转速、流量和间隙对空化效应体积分数的影响:随着转速提升,空化效应体积分数先增大后减小;更大的流量和更小的间隙都会使空化效应体积分数的最大值增大。接着,对湿式制动器带排转矩进行了试验测试,对比分析结果显示,优化后模型的预测误差小于6%,相比未考虑空化效应的模型,平均误差减小了55%。此外,还研究了空化效应后沟槽的复杂程度对带排转矩的影响。结果表明,沟槽结构越复杂,带排转矩越小。其中,径向槽的加入对带排转矩的影响最大,可使带排转矩减小约25.9%。研究可为湿式制动器的带排转矩精准预测和摩擦片结构优化提供支持和工程实践指导。In the non-braking operation of the wet brake in a heavy vehicle′s hybrid power transmission system,the friction pair produces a drag torque due to the power loss caused by the viscous action of the oil.In order to realize the accurate prediction of the drag torque of the flow field with the complex trench structure,a method is proposed to optimize the drag torque model by predicting the volume fraction of the cavitation effect through the cavitation number aiming for the prediction error caused by the air entering the flow field in advance.Firstly,the influence of rotation speed,flow rate and clearance on the volume fraction of the cavitation effect is analyzed by calculating the model under different working conditions.With the increased rotation speed,the cavitation effect volume fraction increases first and then decreases.Larger flow rates and smaller gaps will increase the maximum value of the cavitation effect volume fraction.Then,the wet brake drag torque is tested.After comparative analysis,the results show that the prediction error of the optimized model is less than 6%,and the average error is reduced by 55%compared with the model without the cavitation effect.In addition,the influence of the complexity of the trench structure on the drag torque is also studied.It is shown that the more complex the trench structure is,the smaller the drag torque is,and the radial trench has the most significant influence on the drag torque,which reduces the drag torque by nearly 25.9%.It provides support and engineering practice guidance for accurately predicting the drag torque and optimizing the friction plate structure of wet brakes.

关 键 词：湿式摩擦副 带排转矩 空化效应 模型优化 沟槽 

分 类 号：U469.7[机械工程—车辆工程]