林田改茶土壤重金属垂直变化及影响因素  

Vertical Changes and Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals in Soil from Forest to Tea

作　　者：卢妙婷 叶宏萌 胡家朋 张见明 苏丽鳗 卢茜羽 LU Miaoting;YE Hongmeng;HU Jiapeng;ZHANG Jianming;SU Liman;LU Xiyu(Fujian Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology,School of Ecology and Resource Engineering,Wuyi University,Wuyishan,Fujian 354300)

机构地区：[1]武夷学院生态与资源工程学院,福建省生态产业绿色技术重点实验室,福建武夷山354300

出　　处：《武夷学院学报》2023年第12期26-33,共8页Journal of Wuyi University

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项(2019L3012、2020L3031);福建省自然科学基金(2020J05218);福建省本科高校教育教学改革研究项目(FBJG20210044);南平市科技项目(2022ZXHZ002)资助。

摘　　要：采集武夷山市道路两侧林地、山茶、田茶和水田土壤样品,分析0~60 cm范围内土壤剖面样品中粒径组成、pH值、有机碳、氮、磷含量,以及重金属(铜、铅、锌、镉、铬、砷、汞)含量的垂向变化,探讨分析指标之间的差异天~影响因素。结果表明:研究区内土壤的颗粒组成均以粉粒为主,黏粒次之,砂砾最少;土壤呈较强的酸性;山茶土壤中整体养分含量较高。不同土地利用类型土壤重金属元素含量的均值大小规律为:Zn>Pb、Cr>Cu、As>Hg>Cd。其中,山茶土壤Cr、Cu和As平均含量最高,Pb、Hg和Cd平均含量最低;Zn和Cd则在田茶土壤中含量最高。此外,相关性分析表明,元素Cr和Cu、Cr和As、Cu和As之间存在一定的共同来源;土壤粒径结构对重金属含量影响较显著;土壤中磷的来源对Zn元素的吸附起着正效应,土壤有机质也增加Cd含量,土壤的酸化会增加As元素的吸附或滞留。整体而言,研究区市区道路两侧的农用地(茶园和水田)和林地土壤0~60 cm剖面范围内的重金属污染情况并不严重(仅一个样品Cu含量超出GB 15618—2018的风险限值),但是Cd、Hg元素超过福建省土壤环境背景值的样品比例较多,应引起重视。This paper collected Wuyishan city road on both sides of the forest land,camellia,tian tea and paddy soil samples,analysis of 0-60 cm range in the soil profile sample particle size composition,pH value,organic carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and heavy metals(copper,lead,zinc,cadmium,chromium,arsenic,mercury)content of vertical change,and analyzed their differences and influencing factors.The results showed that the particle composition of the soil in the study area was mainly silt,followed by clay and gravel.The soil is highly acidic.The overall nutrient content in camellia soil was high.The mean values of heavy metal contents in soils of different land use types were As follows:Zn>Pb,Cr>Cu,As>Hg>Cd.The average contents of Cr,Cu and As in camellia soil were the highest,while the average contents of Pb,Hg and Cd were the lowest.The contents of Zn and Cd were the highest in Tiancha soil.In addition,the correlation analysis showed that there were some common sources between Cr and Cu,Cr and As,and Cu and As.The influence of soil particle size structure on heavy metal content was significant.The source of phosphorus in the soil had a positive effect on the adsorption of Zn,and soil organic matter also increased the content of Cd.Soil acidification would increase the adsorption or retention of As.On the whole,heavy metal pollution in the 0-60 cm profile of soil in agricultural land(tea garden and paddy field)and forest land on both sides of urban road in the study area is not serious(only one sample exceeded the Cu risk limit of GB 15618-2018),but the proportion of samples with Cd and Hg elements exceeding the background value of soil environment in Fujian Province is relatively large,which should be paid attention to.

关 键 词：土地利用类型 重金属 垂向变化 林田改茶 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X825