石油产品馏程自动测定仪器研发设计  

Research and development of automatic determination instrument for petroleum products

作　　者：李博[1] 梁晓彤 LI Bo;LIANG Xiaotong(Yangling Vocational and Technical College,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《自动化与仪器仪表》2024年第1期195-200,共6页Automation & Instrumentation

基　　金：杨凌职业技术学院2020年度院内重点基金项目《一种新型手性胍催化剂的合成及其在汽车尾气脱硝中的应用研究》(ZK20-72)。

摘　　要：针对传统石油产品蒸馏测定方法存在温度检测控制和液位跟踪测量效果差,导致油品蒸馏速率和控制效能降低的问题,设计一个石油产品馏程自动测定仪器。首先,该仪器主要采用STM32F103RCT6单片机和STM32F103C8T6单片机作为主辅助控制器,通过两个单片机实现温度检测、温度控制和液位跟踪测量;然后采用AD7705转换器对油品蒸汽温度进行测量;最后基于不同阶段的油品蒸馏特性,通过分段PID控制和PID参数整定相结合的方法实现油品蒸馏速率控制、冷凝管和接收室温度控制。结果表明,采用本方法进行温度测量后,其测量值与理论温度的误差均控制在0.1℃范围内,温度测量精度较高。且通过分段式PID和PID参数自整定方法的冷凝管实际温度稳定在3℃左右,跳动幅度≤0.1℃;蒸馏速率控制在4.3~4.8 mL/min范围内,满足仪器自动测定需求。由此说明,设计的仪器可实现温度准确测量和控制,测定速率和控制效能显著提升。In view of the problem of poor temperature detection control and liquid level tracking,which reduces the distillation rate of oil products and control efficiency.Firstly,the instrument mainly uses STM32F103RCT6 SU and STM32F103C8T6 SU as the main auxiliary controller to realize temperature detection,temperature control and liquid level tracking through two SU;then uses the AD7705 converter to measure oil steam temperature.Finally,based on the oil distillation characteristics of different stages,oil distillation rate control,condensate tube and receiving chamber temperature control are realized by combining segment PID control and PID parameter setting.The results show that the error between the measured value and the theoretical temperature is controlled within 0.1℃,and the temperature measurement is more accurate.Moreover,the actual temperature of the condensate pipe by the segmented PID and PID parameters is stable at about 3℃and the beating amplitude is 0.1℃;the distillation rate is controlled within 4.3~4.8 mL/min to meet the requirements of automatic determination of the instrument.This shows that the designed instrument can achieve accurate temperature measurement and control,and the measurement rate and control efficiency is significantly improved.

关 键 词：馏程自动测定 温度控制 液位跟踪 PID控制 参数自整定 

分 类 号：TP392[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]