精子领在精子形成中的作用及功能研究进展  

The research progress on the role and function of manchette in spermiogenesis

作　　者：李永 王韦力 谭琛 谢春波 涂超峰 谭跃球 LI Yong;WANG WeiLi;TAN Chen;XIE ChunBo;TU ChaoFeng;TAN YueQiu(Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Central South University,Changsha 410078,China;Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya,Changsha 410008,China;College of Life Science,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学基础医学院生殖与干细胞工程研究所,长沙410078 [2]中信湘雅生殖与遗传专科医院,长沙410008 [3]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2024年第1期34-45,共12页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2022YFC2702604);国家自然科学基金(批准号:81971447,82171608,82101961);湖南省自然科学基金优秀青年基金(批准号:2023JJ20080)、湖南省自然科学基金(批准号:2023JJ30731,2023JJ40459);中国博士后科学基金(批准号:2022M721124)资助。

摘　　要：精子领(manchette)是精子形成过程中短期存在的由微管和F-肌动蛋白组成的结构,其出现的时期是精子头部塑形、顶体形成和鞭毛组装的重要阶段.精子领的形成和解聚、精子领与细胞核的联系以及精子领相关的蛋白运输通路对于精子形成至关重要.通过多组学结合模式动物等研究发现的精子领相关蛋白已超过100个,但这些蛋白在精子领中的具体分子机制和相关分子网络大部分并不清楚.本文对精子形成过程中这一神秘的精子领结构的形成和解聚及其在头部塑形和鞭毛组装中的作用及机制进行了系统的综述,并更新了参与精子领的蛋白谱系和可能的分子网络,总结了已有研究中与男性不育相关的精子领相关致病基因的研究进展,为深入理解精子领参与精子形成的分子机制提供理论依据.Manchette is a transient microtubule-and F-actin-based structure during spermiogenesis.The period when the manchette is formed is crucial for sperm head shaping,acrosome formation and flagellum assembly.Overall,the formation and elimination of manchette,the connection between manchette and the nucleus,and the intra-manchette protein transport are essential for spermiogenesis.More than 100 manchette-related proteins have been discovered in animal models by using multi-omics methods,but the specific molecular mechanisms and related regulatory networks of these proteins are mostly unclear.In this review,we provide a systematic overview of the biological processes involved in manchette,focusing on the role of manchette in sperm head shaping and flagellar assembly,updating the protein spectrum and possible molecular networks involved in manchette,and summarizing the research progress of manchette-related causative genes associated with male infertility,which will help to promote further research on manchette during spermiogenesis.

关 键 词：精子形成 鞭毛组装 头部塑形 精子领 基因突变 

分 类 号：R321.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]