人类早期胚胎发育过程中组蛋白修饰的调控  

Regulation of histone modifications during human early embryo development

作　　者：徐睿敏 李翀 刘晓雨 高绍荣[1,2,3] XU RuiMin;LI Chong;LIU XiaoYu;GAO ShaoRong(Institute for Regenerative Medicine,Shanghai East Hospital,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research,School of Life Sciences and Technology,Tongji University,Shanghai 200120,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine,Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology,Clinical and Translation Research Center,Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital,School of Life Sciences and Technology,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学生命科学与技术学院,上海市信号与疾病研究重点实验室,上海市东方医院,再生医学研究所,上海200120 [2]同济大学生命科学与技术学院,上海市第一妇婴保健院,转化医学中心,上海市母胎医学与妇科肿瘤研究所,上海市母胎医学重点实验室,上海200092 [3]同济大学,教育部细胞干性与命运编辑前沿科学中心,上海200092

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2024年第1期84-93,共10页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

摘　　要：哺乳动物的生命起源于两个终末分化的生殖细胞的结合(受精),随即父母源的染色质发生剧烈且精确的表观遗传重编程,并形成具有全能性的胚胎.研究早期胚胎发育是理解物种延续和进化的重要途径,也为女性生殖健康和再生医学提供了重要理论依据.然而,由于高等哺乳动物早期胚胎的稀缺性和伦理问题,以及高通量表观修饰检测技术的限制,目前对于人类早期胚胎中的表观遗传重编程的研究还不全面.利用最近建立的超低起始量的高通量测序技术,我国科学家首次揭示了多种组蛋白修饰在人类早期胚胎发育过程中的动态变化和调控机制.本文主要对这几项最新的研究进展进行了总结,并对人类和小鼠早期胚胎中的组蛋白修饰重编程的保守性和物种特异性进行了讨论.Mammalian life begins with the fusion of two terminally differentiated germ cells(fertilization),followed by dramatic and precise epigenetic reprogramming of parental chromatin,forming a totipotent embryo.Studying early embryonic development is an important way to understand the continuation and evolution of species,and also provides an important theoretical basis for female reproductive health and regenerative medicine.However,due to the scarcity and ethical issues of higher mammals'early embryos and the limitations of high-throughput epigenetic modification detection technology,current research on epigenetic reprogramming in early human embryos is not comprehensive.Using the recently established ultra-low input high-throughput sequencing technology,Chinese scientists have revealed the dynamic changes and regulatory mechanisms of multiple histone modifications during human early embryonic development for the first time.This article mainly summarizes these recent research advances and discusses the conservation and species-specificity of histone modification reprogramming in human and mouse early embryos.

关 键 词：人类早期胚胎 表观遗传重编程 组蛋白修饰 合子基因组激活 逆转座子 

分 类 号：R321[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]