纳米空间受限气体动理学建模与输运机理  

Nanoconfined gas kinetic modelling and transport mechanisms

作　　者：单保超 王润曦 张勇豪 郭照立[4,5] SHAN BaoChao;WANG RunXi;ZHANG YongHao;GUO ZhaoLi(School of Engineering,University of Edinburgh,Edinburgh EH93FB,UK;Institute of New Energy and Low-carbon Technology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Fluids,Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Institute of Interdisciplinary Research for Mathematics and Applied Science,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]爱丁堡大学工程学院,英国爱丁堡EH93FB [2]四川大学新能源与低碳技术研究院,成都610065 [3]中国科学院力学研究所,流体力学交叉研究中心,北京100190 [4]华中科技大学数学与应用学科交叉创新研究院,武汉430074 [5]华中科技大学煤燃烧国家重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2024年第2期2-22,共21页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:51836003,12002130)资助项目。

摘　　要：气体动理论是根据气体分子微观运动规律研究其宏观物理行为的理论,在航空航天、微机电系统、能源化工等领域有广泛应用.Boltzmann方程没有考虑分子自身体积并忽略除碰撞以外的其他分子间作用力,只适用于稀疏理想气体.本文从Boltzmann方程出发,层层递进,依次介绍稠密气体、真实气体以及纳米空间受限气体的动理学理论和建模方法及相关边界条件.相比于其他模型,纳米空间受限气体动理学模型能够准确描述分子间相互作用,在非平衡效应、高压真实气体效应以及空间受限效应可忽略时能够恢复至连续流体力学理论,是连接微观-介观-宏观等不同尺度的有效理论方法.结合数值模拟结果,本文着重介绍纳米空间受限气体输运中涉及的滑移现象和高压真实气体效应,并就纳米孔内页岩气输运机理进行分析.最后,探讨纳米空间受限气体动理学建模方面的局限性以及可能的发展方向.The gas kinetic theory explains macroscopic fluid properties based on microscopic molecular interactions,and has wide applications in aerospace technologies,microelectromechanical systems,and industrial processes.The Boltzmann equation only applies to dilute(ideal)gases as it ignores the gas molecule size and molecular interactions other than binary collision.Starting from the Boltzmann equation,the transport mechanisms of dilute,dense,real,and nanoconfined gases are discussed along with their boundary conditions.Compared with other gas kinetic models,the nanoconfined gas kinetic model produces results consistent with those of the molecular dynamics simulations at the microscopic level and recovers the continuum fluid dynamics when the nonequilibrium,real gas,and confinement effects are negligible.Slip dynamics,real gas effects,and transport mechanisms of nanoconfined gases are numerically analysed.Finally,the limitations and possible directions of nanoconfined gas kinetic modelling are briefly discussed.

关 键 词：气体动理学 BOLTZMANN方程 稠密气体 平均场 空间受限气体 

分 类 号：O354[理学—流体力学]