阿克鸡和武定鸡的蛋品质研究  

Study on egg quality of Ake chickens and Wuding chickens

作　　者：朱伟 和风 黄丽鸽 韩春柳 范新阳[1] 和胜 苗永旺[1] ZHU Wei;HE Feng;HUANG Lige;HAN Chunliu;FAN Xinyang;HE Sheng;MIAO Yongwang(Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Station,Nujiang 673100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省怒江州畜牧技术推广站,云南怒江673100

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2024年第3期45-53,59,共10页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U2002205);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1601905);云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202202AE090005)。

摘　　要：为了阐明云南省地方鸡品种阿克鸡、武定鸡的蛋品质特征,试验以43周龄海兰褐蛋鸡为对照,采用常规方法测定阿克鸡组、武定鸡组、海兰褐蛋鸡组鸡蛋的蛋品质,并采用主成分分析法对蛋品质指标进行降维分析,以评定不同鸡种蛋品质的优劣。结果表明:海兰褐蛋鸡组蛋重(64.50 g)最大,显著高于武定鸡(54.97 g)组和阿克鸡(54.59 g)组(P<0.05);3组间蛋比重差异显著(P<0.05);武定鸡组和海兰褐蛋鸡组蛋壳厚度显著高于阿克鸡组(P<0.05);武定鸡组蛋壳强度显著高于阿克鸡组和海兰褐蛋鸡组(P<0.05);武定鸡组和阿克鸡组蛋形指数、蛋黄重、蛋黄比率、哈氏单位均显著高于海兰褐蛋鸡组(P<0.05)。3组间水分、粗脂肪和三酰甘油含量差异显著(P<0.05),粗灰分、钙、磷含量差异不显著(P>0.05);海兰褐蛋鸡组粗蛋白含量显著高于阿克鸡组(P<0.05),武定鸡组与阿克鸡组和海兰褐蛋鸡组比较均差异不显著(P>0.05);阿克鸡组总胆固醇含量显著低于武定鸡组(P<0.05),海兰褐蛋鸡组与武定鸡组和阿克鸡组比较均差异不显著(P>0.05)。蛋品质的各个指标均具有相关性,但不同鸡种的指标间相关性差异不同,阿克鸡、武定鸡和海兰褐蛋鸡的蛋重与其他指标均呈负相关,蛋壳厚度和蛋形指数也为负相关,但蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋黄比率、蛋壳强度、蛋黄重、蛋黄色泽、蛋形指数指标两两之间均为正相关。当特征值>1时有2个成分,此时主成分累计百分比达到88.566%;提取到的2个主成分的方程分别为:F1=-0.388 7×Z_(蛋重)+0.347 3×Z_(蛋壳强度)+0.291 8×Z_(蛋形指数)+0.400 9×Z_(蛋黄色泽)+0.155 9×Z_(蛋白高度)+0.449 7×Z_(蛋黄重)+0.430 2×Z_(蛋黄比率)+0.265 8×Z_(哈氏单位),F2=-0.168 9×Z_(蛋重)-0.081 9×Z_(蛋壳强度)-0.496 5×Z_(蛋形指数)-0.262 2×Z_(蛋黄色泽)+0.595 7×Z_(蛋白高度)-0.078 9×Z_(蛋黄重)+0.030 1×Z_(蛋黄比率)+0.536 0×Z_(哈氏单位);综合�In order to elucidate the egg quality characteristics of Yunnan local chicken breeds,Ake chicken and Wuding chicken,the experiment took HY-Line Brown laying hens(43-week-old) as the control,and conventional methods were used to detect the egg quality in the Ake chicken group,Wuding chicken group and HY-Line Brown laying hen group;principal component analysis was used to perform dimensionality reduction analysis on egg quality indicators to evaluate the egg quality of different chicken breeds.The results showed that the egg weight(64.50 g) in the HY-Line Brown laying hen group was the highest,which was significantly higher than that in the Wuding chicken(54.97 g) group and Ake chicken(54.59 g) group(P<0.05).There were significant differences in egg proportion among the three groups(P<0.05).The eggshell thickness in the Wuding chicken group and the HY-Line Brown laying hen group was significantly lower than that in the Ake chicken group(P<0.05).The eggshell strength in the Wuding chicken group was significantly higher than that in the Ake group and HY-Line Brown laying hen group(P<0.05).The egg shape index,egg yolk weight,egg yolk ratio and Haugh unit in the Wuding chicken group and Ake chicken group were significantly higher than those in HY-Line Brown laying hen group(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the contents of water,crude fat and triacylglycerol among the three groups(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in crude ash,calcium and phosphorus among the three groups(P>0.05).The crude protein content in the HY-Line Brown laying hen group was significantly lower than that in the Ake chicken group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the Wuding chicken group and the other two groups(P>0.05).The total cholesterol content in the Ake chicken group was significantly higher than that in the Wuding chicken group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the HY-Line Brown laying hen group and the other two groups(P>0.05).All indicators of egg quality were correla

关 键 词：阿克鸡 武定鸡 海兰褐蛋鸡 蛋品质 相关性检验 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]