返回抑制实验范式的衍变及其理论贡献  

Inhibition of Return Experimental Paradigms:Progress and Theoretical Implications

作　　者：秦月 李杰 张禹[1] 刘艳艳 李国刊 Qin Yue;Li Jie;Zhang Yu;Liu Yanyan;Li Guokan(School of Psychology,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084;Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders,School of Clinical Medicine,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121;Institute of Psychological Science,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121;XUTELI School,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 102401)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学心理学院,北京100084 [2]杭州师范大学临床医学院认知与脑疾病研究中心,杭州311121 [3]杭州师范大学心理科学研究院,杭州311121 [4]北京理工大学徐特立学院,北京102401

出　　处：《心理学探新》2023年第6期499-508,共10页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071087)。

摘　　要：返回抑制是指对原先注意过的客体或位置进行反应时所表现出的滞后现象,其基础实验范式是由Posner和Cohen在研究视觉空间注意的实验中发现的,后续该范式及理论被广泛运用并在近年来被研究者们不断延伸探索和推进。范式及理论的推进具体表现在以下几个方面:(1)返回抑制基础实验范式新进展:在线索-靶子范式中形成感觉运动任务、在线索或靶子中引入图片材料、视听靶子同时出现的双通道注意研究;(2)返回抑制范式与其他范式的结合:包括与Stroop任务、Go/No-go任务、Simon任务、隧道任务等结合;(3)返回抑制范式与具体情景的结合:如社会情景、体育运动情景;(4)返回抑制范式与其他新技术的结合:与三维虚拟现实、眼动、事件相关电位、功能性磁共振成像和经颅磁技术等结合。综上所述,近年来关于返回抑制范式的研究已经取得了诸多成果,相关理论成果也在不断地推进,未来可以从返回抑制范式生态学效度的提高、返回抑制范式与认知训练的结合以及返回抑制范式与多种新技术的结合等多个方面予以拓展。Inhibition of return(IOR)refers to the phenomenon of delayed response to previously attended objects or locations.The basic experimental paradigm of IOR was discovered by Posner and Cohen in their study of visual spatial attention,and the paradigm and theory have been widely used and continuously extended and explored by researchers in recent years.The advancement of the paradigm and theory is manifested in the following aspects:(1)New progress of the basic experimental paradigm of IOR:forming sensory-motor tasks in the cue-target paradigm,introducing picture materials in the cue or target,and studying dual-channel attention with audiovisual targets appearing simultaneously;(2)The combination of the IOR paradigm and other paradigms:including the combination with Stroop task,Go/No-go task,Simon task,tunnel task,etc.;(3)The combination of the IOR paradigm and specific scenarios:such as social scenarios,sports scenarios;(4)The combination of the IOR paradigm and other new technologies:combined with three-dimensional virtual reality,eye movement,event-related potential,functional magnetic resonance imaging and transcranial magnetic technology,etc.In summary,in recent years,a lot of achievements have been made in the research on the IOR paradigm,and the related theoretical results are also constantly advancing.In the future,it can be expanded from the aspects of improving the ecological validity of the IOR paradigm,the combination of the IOR paradigm and cognitive training,and the combination of the IOR paradigm and various new technologies.

关 键 词：返回抑制 实验范式 注意 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]