政府大客户绿色采购与供应商网络“绿色牛鞭”效应研究——压力传递视角  

Research on the"Green Bullwhip"Effect of Green Procurement by Major Government Customers and Supplier Network:the Perspective of Pressure Transmission

作　　者：林雯 朱朝晖[1] 胡英杰 LIN Wen;ZHU Zhao-hui;HU Ying-jie(School of Accounting,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;School of Business Administration,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学会计学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江工商大学工商管理学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《现代财经（天津财经大学学报）》2024年第2期52-68,共17页Modern Finance and Economics：Journal of Tianjin University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(21AGL013);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y24G020001)。

摘　　要：围绕企业构建供应链绿色创新体系是发展低碳经济、尽早实现“双碳”环境目标的重要战略路径。本文基于2007-2020年A股上市公司自愿披露的客户与供应商信息,将三层供应链网络视为最小分析单位,实证检验政府大客户绿色采购对其供应商网络的绿色创新影响。研究发现:政府大客户绿色采购压力能显著提升供应商网络的绿色创新水平;且其压力可沿供应商网络层级向上放大传递,更大程度促进高层级供应商绿色创新,呈现“绿色牛鞭”效应。“绿色牛鞭”的动力机制分析表明:中央环保督察行动冲击、较短的供应商网络关系持续时间分别增加了供应链终端环保压力与供应链信息不对称,从而为强化“绿色牛鞭”效应提供了动力。异质性分析表明:当上游相对下游供应商议价能力较强、地理距离较远时,“绿色牛鞭”效应被显著削弱。本研究基于客户压力传递视角,为政府采购如何驱动供应链绿色创新提供了理论依据与经验证据;为政府部门如何更好地嵌入市场供应链以促其绿色转型升级提供了建议启示。Building green innovation system of supply chain around enterprises is an important strategic path to develop low carbon economy and realize""double carbon"environment objective as soon as possible.Based on customer and supplier information voluntarily disclosed by A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2020,this paper considers the three-layer supply chain network as the smallest analytical unit,and empirically examines the influence of green procurement of the major government customers on green innovation of their supplier network.It is found that,the pressure of green procurement from major government customers can significantly improve the green innovation level of the supplier network,and this pressure can be amplified and transmitted upward along the level of the supplier network,promoting green innovation of high-level suppliers to a greater extent,presenting the"green bullwhip"effect.The analysis of the dynamic mechanism of the"green bullwhip"shows that the impact of the central environmental protection supervision action and the short duration of the supplier network relationship respectively increase the environmental protection pressure of the supply chain terminal and the information asymmetry of the supply chain,thus providing the impetus for strengthening the"green bullwhip"effect.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the"green bullwhip"effect is significantly weakened when upstream suppliers have stronger bargaining power than downstream suppliers and with greater geographical distance.This study provides theoretical basis and empirical evidence for how government procurement drives green innovation in the supply chain from the perspective of customer pressure transmission.It also provides suggestions and inspirations for government departments on how to better embed in the market supply chain to promote green transformation and upgrading.

关 键 词：政府大客户 “绿色牛鞭”效应 绿色创新 供应商网络 客户压力 

分 类 号：F275.5[经济管理—企业管理]