组织工程角膜内皮移植研究进展  

Advances in the tissue-engineered corneal endothelial transplantation

作　　者：贾艳妮(综述) 周庆军(审校) 史伟云(审校) Jia Yanni;Zhou Qingjun;Shi Weiyun(Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University,Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Eye Hospital),State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology,School of Ophthalmology,Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250021,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学附属眼科研究所,山东第一医科大学附属眼科医院(山东省眼科医院)山东省眼科学重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,山东第一医科大学眼科学院,济南250021

出　　处：《中华实验眼科杂志》2024年第2期192-197,共6页Chinese Journal Of Experimental Ophthalmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81700811、81900834);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2019ZD37、ZR2023MH187);泰山学者攀登计划(tspd20161059)。

摘　　要：由于角膜供体材料严重短缺,穿透角膜移植术及角膜内皮移植术的临床广泛开展受到严重制约,其根本原因在于健康角膜内皮的增生能力有限。随着组织工程技术和细胞工程技术不断发展,组织工程角膜研究已取得一定进展,应用组织工程技术体外培养高密度、具备健康内皮功能的角膜内皮细胞进行移植是当前研究的热点。组织工程角膜内皮技术研发的关键在于种子细胞、载体材料和移植方式的选择。目前,国内外大量研究的种子细胞来源包括人角膜内皮细胞、干细胞、血管内皮细胞及人羊膜上皮细胞等。常见的载体材料包括羊膜、脱细胞角膜基质、后弹力层、晶状体前囊膜等。体外培养的细胞采用穿透角膜移植术、角膜内皮移植术或前房注射细胞的方式进行移植。本文从角膜内皮种子细胞来源、移植载体选择以及角膜内皮移植方法等方面就组织工程角膜内皮移植研究进展进行综述,总结目前研究面临的问题并展望其前景。Due to the serious shortage of corneal donor,the development of penetrating keratoplasty and corneal endothelial transplantation is severely restricted in clinical practice.The root cause is the limited proliferation capacity of healthy corneal endothelial cells.With the continuous development of tissue engineering technology and cell engineering technology,the research of tissue-engineered cornea has made some progress.In vitro culture of corneal endothelial cells with high density and healthy endothelial function for transplantation is a hot topic in current tissue engineering research.The keys of tissue-engineered corneal endothelial technology include seed cells,vector materials and the strategy of cell transplantation.At present,many research teams domestic and abroad have reported that the source of seed cells includes human corneal endothelial cells,stem cells,vascular endothelial cells and human amniotic epithelial cells.Vector materials include amniotic membrane,acellular corneal stroma,posterior elastic layer,anterior capsular membrane and various biomaterials.The cultured cells are transplanted by penetrating keratoplasty,corneal endothelial transplantation or anterior chamber injection.This review summarized the latest progress in the research on the source of corneal endothelial seed cells,the selection of vectors and the methods of corneal endothelial transplantation,and summed up the problems faced in the current research and looked forward to its prospects.

关 键 词：角膜内皮 移植 组织工程 种子细胞 载体 

分 类 号：R779.65[医药卫生—眼科]