饲粮蛋白水平和酿酒酵母对秦川肉牛血常规指标和氮磷代谢的影响  

Effects of dietary protein level and Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation on blood indexes and nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism of Qinchuan beef cattle

作　　者：王晓慧 于胜晨 梁成成 李炳志[1] 王思虎 江中良[1,2] 赵春平 昝林森[1,2] WANG Xiaohui;YU Shengchen;LIANG Chengcheng;LI Bingzhi;WANG Sihu;JIANG Zhongliang;ZHAO Chunping;ZAN Linsen(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;National Beef Cattle Improvement Center,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]国家肉牛改良中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期40-50,共11页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501700);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-37);陕西省农业科技创新转化项目(NYKJ-2018-YL09);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重大(重点)项目(2019BEF02004)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同蛋白水平饲粮及酿酒酵母(SC)对秦川肉牛血液生理生化指标和氮磷代谢的影响。【方法】选择18头14月龄初始体质量为(298±9.78)kg/头、健康的秦川肉牛(母牛)作为试验动物,采用2种蛋白水平(13.23%(A1)和(10.59%(A2))饲粮和3种酿酒酵母添加水平(0(B1),4×10^(8) CFU/kg(B2),8×10^(8) CFU/kg(B3))作为两因素进行饲喂试验。采用全收粪(尿)法测定各处理秦川肉牛粪便和尿液中的氮磷含量,试验结束时于晨饲前采用颈静脉穿刺法采血,测定血常规指标和酶活性,试验期55 d。【结果】①试验期11~55 d,饲粮中添加8×10^(8) CFU/kg SC显著提高了秦川肉牛的采食量(P<0.05),A1B3组秦川肉牛采食量最高,显著高于A1B1组(P<0.05)。②B3组秦川肉牛血清中甘油三酯含量显著低于B1组(P<0.05),A2B3组秦川肉牛血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M含量均显著高于A2B1组(P<0.05)。③B3组秦川肉牛粗蛋白(CP)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的表观消化率较B1组分别显著提高了8.44%和16.90%(P<0.05),A2B3组秦川肉牛的粗蛋白、有机物和酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率最高。④与A2B1组相比,A2B3组秦川肉牛粪氮排放减少了31.28%,尿氮排放减少了19.67%,氮消化率提高了7.66%,氮沉积率提高了62.57%。⑤B2和B3组秦川肉牛的粪磷含量显著低于B1组,A2B3组秦川肉牛磷消化率、磷沉积率相较于A2B1组显著升高了35.96%和45.94%(P<0.05)。【结论】本试验条件下,添加8×10^(8) CFU/kg酿酒酵母能够提高秦川肉牛的采食量、免疫水平和营养成分消化率,减少氮磷排放。在10.59%粗蛋白水平下,饲粮添加8×10^(8) CFU/kg酿酒酵母饲喂秦川肉牛效果最好。【Objective】The effects of dietary crude protein(CP)levels and Saccharomyces cerevisiae(SC)supplementation on immunization and nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism of Qinchuan beef cattle were studied.【Method】Eighteen healthy 14-month-old female cattle with similar body weight of(298±9.78)kg were selected for feeding experiments with two protein levels(13.23%(A1)and(10.59%(A2))and three SC levels(0(B1),4×10^(8) CFU/kg(B2)and 8×10^(8) CFU/kg(B3)).Nitrogen and phosphorus contents of feces and urine were determined using total feces(urine)collection method and blood samples were collected before morning feeding at the end of the trial,which lasted for 55 days.【Result】①During 11-55 d of the experimental period,dietary supplementation of 8×10^(8) CFU/kg SC significantly increased feed intake of Qinchuan beef cattle(P<0.05).The feed intake of Qinchuan beef cattle in group A1B3 was the highest,which was significantly higher than that in group A1B1.②TG content of Qinchuan beef cattle in group B3 was significantly lower than that in group B1(P<0.05),and serum total protein,albumin,globulin,IgG and IgM of Qinchuan beef cattle in group A2B3 were significantly higher than those in group A2B1(P<0.05).③Compared with group B1,the apparent digestibility of CP and NDF in group B3 was increased by 8.44%and 16.90%(P<0.05),respectively.The apparent digestibility of CP,OM and ADF in group A2B3 was the highest.④Compared with A2B1 group,the manure and urinary nitrogen emissions of Qinchuan beef cattle in A2B3 group were decreased by 31.28%and 19.67%,while nitrogen digestibility and nitrogen deposition rate were increased by 7.66%and 62.57%,respectively.⑤The fecal phosphorus of Qinchuan beef cattle in B2 and B3 groups was significantly lower than that in B1 group,and phosphorus digestibility and deposition rate of Qinchuan beef cattle in group A2B3 were 35.96%and 45.94%higher than those in group A2B1(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Dietary supplementation of 8×10^(8) CFU/kg SC improved feed intake,immune level and nutrie

关 键 词：秦川肉牛 粗蛋白水平 酿酒酵母 氮磷代谢 血清指标 

分 类 号：S823.8[农业科学—畜牧学]