饲料混合植物油替代鱼油对不同品种异育银鲫生长性能和脂肪代谢的影响  

TOTAL REPLACEMENT OF FISH OIL BY BLENDED VEGETABLE OIL ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND LIPID METABOLISM IN DIFFERENT STRAINS OF GIBEL CARP(CARASSIUS GIBELIO)

作　　者：李红燕 巫丽云 金俊琰[1] 韩冬[1] 朱晓鸣[1] 刘昊昆 杨云霞[1] 解绶启[1,2] LI Hong-Yan;WU Li-Yun;JIN Jun-Yan;HAN Dong;ZHU Xiao-Ming;LIU Hao-Kun;YANG Yun-Xia;XIE Shou-Qi(State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学现代农业科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2024年第4期600-609,共10页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-45-09);国家自然科学基金(32122089、U19A2041和31972805)资助。

摘　　要：为研究混合植物油替代鱼油对不同品种异育银鲫(Carassius gibelio)生长和脂肪代谢的影响,以鱼油(FO)和混合植物油(BVO,菜籽油﹕大豆油﹕棕榈油=55%﹕25%﹕20%,以模拟鱼油的脂肪酸组成)为饲料脂肪源,配制等氮等脂饲料配方,分别饲喂异育银鲫“中科3号”(5.01±0.05)g和“中科5号”(5.02±0.05)g,养殖周期70d。在饲料脂肪源效应上,BVO组摄食率显著高于而饲料效率显著低于FO组(P<0.05)。BVO组不同品种异育银鲫肌肉srebp-1c和acc的基因表达量显著升高,并造成体脂肪的显著积累(P<0.05)。BVO组显著改变了鱼体肌肉脂肪酸组成,分别上调和下调了肌肉Σn-6 PUFA和Σn-3 PUFA的相对含量(P<0.05)。在品种方面,不论摄食何种脂肪源,异育银鲫“中科5号”摄食率显著低于而饲料效率显著高于“中科3号”(P<0.05)。“中科5号”肌肉脂肪分解和脂肪酸β氧化基因hsl和aco3及肝脏aco3、fabp1b和fatp1的表达量均显著高于“中科3号”(P<0.05),且鱼体脂肪含量显著低于“中科3号”,表明“中科5号”可以更好地利用饲料脂肪来为机体供能。脂肪源和品种对异育银鲫特定生长率的影响存在交互作用,但“中科5号”摄食BVO组特定生长率与“中科3号”摄食FO组无显著性差异(P>0.05),表明了植物脂肪源在“中科5号”饲料应用中的巨大潜力。综上,研究阐述了不同品种异育银鲫对饲料脂肪源的利用差异及分子机制,为异育银鲫饲料脂肪源筛选和品种选育提供了理论和实践依据。To investigate the effects of total replacement of fish oil by blended vegetable oil on the growth and lipid metabolism in different strains of gibel carp(Carassius gibelio),two iso-nitrogen and iso-lipid formulated diets were prepared using the fish oil(FO)and bended vegetable oil(BVO,rapeseed oil﹕soybean oil﹕palm oil=55%﹕25%﹕20%,to mimic the fatty acids profiles of fish oil)as the lipid sources.Gibel carp CASⅢ[A strain:(5.01±0.05)g]and CAS V[F strain:(5.02±0.05)g]were assigned to two groups,feeding with the FO and BVO diets for 70d.Concerning the effects of lipid source,the feeding rate(FR)was significantly higher while the feed efficiency(FE)was significantly lower in the BVO group,as compared to the FO group(P<0.05).Enhanced expression levels of srebp-1c and acc were found in the muscle,leading to a significant lipid deposition in both strains of gibel carp(P<0.05).The BVO diet changed the fatty acid composition of muscle significantly,up-regulating and down-regulating the relative contents ofΣn-6 PUFA andΣn-3 PUFA,respectively(P<0.05).In terms of strain effects,the F strain showed significantly lower FR but significantly higher FE than the A strain,regardless of dietary lipid sources(P<0.05).Compared to the A strain,the expression levels of hsl and aco3 in the muscle,as well as aco3,fabp1b and fatp1 in the liver of the F strain were significantly higher(P<0.05).Furthermore,the F strain had significantly lower levels of lipid content than the A strain(P<0.05),which suggested that the F stain might have better ability to utilize the dietary lipid for energy expenditure.The dietary lipid sources and strains interacted to affect the specific growth rate(SGR)of gibel carp(P<0.05),but the F strain fed the BVO diet showed no variations with the A strains fed the FO diet,implying the great potential of vegetable oils usage in the diets of the F strain.Overall,the present study demonstrated the differences on the utilization of dietary lipid sources and its related molecular mechanisms in different stra

关 键 词：混合植物油 鱼油 生长性能 脂肪代谢 异育银鲫 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]