基于人体工效学的采伐作业支撑式外骨骼设计  

Design of supportive exoskeleton for logging operations based on ergonomics

作　　者：杨宛萤[1] 宁福耀 李博[1] YANG Wan-ying;NING Fu-yao;LI Bo(College of home and art design,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学家居与艺术设计学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《林业机械与木工设备》2023年第11期34-38,共5页Forestry Machinery & Woodworking Equipment

基　　金：教育部高等教育司“人因与工效学”产学合作协同育人项目(2572016BB06)。

摘　　要：为降低采伐作业中工人患下背痛等职业相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)风险,设计了一种轻型、可穿戴的支撑式腰椎外骨骼装置。通过动作捕捉实验,总结出三种采伐作业中常用姿势,并对该常用作业姿势进行力学分析,基于理论分析结果设计了支撑式外骨骼装置。使用Ansys与Jack分别对外骨骼装置与穿戴后的作业行为进行仿真分析,以验证其可靠性。仿真计算结果表明,使用外骨骼装置时,腰椎的压力可以有效控制在1134 N以下,且外骨骼装置自身应力分布良好,表明该外骨骼装置在减轻腰部负荷方面具有较好的效果,可以有效降低林业工人患WMSDs的风险,为林业工作中外骨骼技术的应用提供了有力的支持和指导。A lightweight,wearable,supportive lumbar exoskeletal device has been designed to reduce the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)such as lower back pain in workers in logging operations.Three common postures used in logging operations were generalized through motion capture experiments.Mechanical analysis of the three operational postures was carried out and the results of this analysis led to the design of a supported exoskeleton device.To verify the reliability of the device and the operational behavior when wearing the device were simulated with Ansys and Jack.The simulation results show that the pressure on the lumbar vertebrae could be effectively controlled below 1134 N when using the device,in addition,the stress distribution of the device is well balanced,indicating that the device has a good effect in reducing the lumbar load,which can effectively reduce the risk of WMSDs in forestry workers,as a powerful support and guidance for the application of exoskeleton technology in forestry work.

关 键 词：支撑式外骨骼 肌肉骨骼疾患 ANSYS JACK 人类工效学 

分 类 号：TP242[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]