中国土壤中全氟和多氟烷基物质的分布、迁移及管控研究进展  

Research Progress on Distribution,Transportation,and Control of Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Chinese Soils

作　　者：刘浩然 邢静怡 任文杰[3] LIU Hao-ran;XING Jing-yi;REN Wen-jie(Civil,Environmental and Geomatic Engineering,University College London,London WC1E 6BT,United Kingdom;Chang’an Branch of Xi’an Ecological Environment Bureau,Xi’an 710199,China;Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]伦敦大学学院市政环境与岩土工程系,伦敦WC1E 6BT [2]西安市生态环境局长安分局,西安710199 [3]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第1期376-385,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41991335,41877139)。

摘　　要：全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)是近年来备受关注的一类持久性有机污染物,具有种类多、难降解、远距离迁移和易生物蓄积等特点.其在水体和生物体内的分布及其富集性和潜在毒性已在世界范围内受到广泛关注,但在土壤中的分布和迁移规律仍处于初步研究阶段.我国土壤PFAS污染调查主要集中在东部经济发达地区,土壤中PFAS的种类和含量与调查区域工业类型、大气沉降和人为活动存在直接关联,并且与国外土壤调查规律类似.传统的全氟烷基羧酸(PFCAs)和全氟烷基磺酸(PFSAs)是我国土壤中最主要的PFAS类型.通过综述我国土壤中PFAS的分布特征、迁移途径及影响因素以及国内外关于PFAS污染的管控政策,指出目前针对土壤中PFAS分布及管控研究的不足,以期为我国土壤PFAS污染调查研究及管控提供参考.Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)are a class of persistent organic pollutants that have attracted much attention in recent years,which has the characteristics of diverse species,refractory degradation,long-distance transportation,easy bioaccumulation,etc.The distribution,accumulation,and potential toxicity of PFAS in water and organisms have received extensive attention worldwide.However,studies on PFAS distribution and transportation in soil are still hovering at a preliminary stage.The PFAS pollution surveys in Chinese soils are mainly concentrated in the economically developed eastern regions.The types and concentrations of PFAS in soils are directly related to the industrial types,atmospheric deposition,and human activities in these surveyed areas,which are similar to foreign soil surveys.Traditional perfluoro carboxylic acid(PFCAs)and perfluoro octane sulfonate(PFSAs)are the most important types of PFAS in Chinese soils.This study reviewed the distribution characteristics,transportation pathways,and influencing factors of PFAS in Chinese soils,as well as domestic and foreign control policies on PFAS pollution.Meanwhile,this study further pointed out the shortcomings of the current research on the distribution and control of PFAS in soil in order to provide a reference for the investigation,research,and control of PFAS pollution in Chinese soils.

关 键 词：全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFAS) 土壤 污染分布 迁移 管控政策 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53