从粤台片客家话看汉语小称词的两项演变  

TTwo paths of evolution of diminutives in Yuetai Hakka dialects

作　　者：蒋玉婷 JIANG Yuting

机构地区：[1]香港科技大学人文学部,中国香港

出　　处：《中国语文》2024年第1期20-35,126,共17页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：本文深入考察广州增城程乡腔客家话小称形式的功能,结合广东省其他十个粤台片客家话点“子”义语素的用法,还原该片区客家话曾经有过小称“子”缀的历史。该段历史的还原,使汉语小称词的两项尚未受到充分关注的演变得以揭示:从小称词到状态词后缀、从小称词到句末助词。古老层次的小称形式通常会没落、消失,导致这两项演变的证据链相对残缺,但方言比较还可为演变过程提供一些证据。This paper investigates the functions of diminutives in the Chengxiang Hakka dialect of Zengcheng in Guangzhou,and suggests that tsz(子)used to be a diminutive marker in Yuetai Hakka dialects which later evolved into a suffix for approximation/state or a sentence-final particle.The loss of diminutive indication and the phonological reduction often make it difficult to trace back the evolution of former diminutive markers.It is by comparison between dialects that certain evidences can be found for such diachronic change of diminutive markers.

关 键 词：小称 客家话“子” 状态词后缀 句末助词 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]