开放实践场域下的合成生物技术伦理问题及治理  

Ethical Issues and Governance of Synthetic Biotechnology in the Open Field Arena

作　　者：孔青青 刘振[1] KONG Qingqing;LIU Zhen(School of Medicine Humanities,Nanjing University of Chinese Medical,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学医学人文学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2024年第1期31-36,共6页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2018年国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA322);2021年江苏省社会科学基金青年项目(21ZXC003)。

摘　　要：为应对新兴生物技术给人类带来的风险,从实践伦理的视角出发,分析合成生物技术研发、投产及使用场域过程中的实践逻辑和伦理问题,聚焦到合成生物技术特有的开放性特征,发现其在研发场域存在数据伦理、投产场域存在参与主体价值冲突,使用场域存在不确定性生物风险等伦理问题。在深入分析技术实践场域伦理困境的基础上,提出了技术层面和伦理规范的相关建议:制定数据库使用规则,提高数据库管理水平;开发新兴技术克服资源限制,采用多种实验方法防御;划分参与人员群体,针对性进行价值嵌入。To address the risks posed to human beings by emerging biotechnologies,this study analyzes the practical logic and ethical issues in the process of synthetic biotechnology development,production and practice fields from the perspective of practical ethics,focusing on the unique open characteristics of synthetic biotechnology.The analysis reveals ethical issues such as data ethics in the research and development domain,value conflicts among participants in the production domain,and uncertainties regarding biological risks in the application domain.Based on an in-depth analysis of ethical dilemmas in the field of technological practice,the article proposes recommendations related to technological dimensions and ethical norms:formulating rules for database use to enhance database management;developing emerging technologies to overcome resource constraints;adopting a variety of experimental methods to defend;delineating groups of participants and targeting value embeddedness.

关 键 词：合成生物技术 实践伦理 价值冲突 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]