跨国流动对科研人员论文产出的影响——基于大规模个体流动特征的研究  

The Impact of Mobility on the Researchers'Scientific Performance:A Study Based on the Large-scale Individual Mobility Features

作　　者：张汝昊 张超 陈光[4] 袁军鹏 ZHANG Ruhao;ZHANG Chao;CHEN Guang;YUAN Junpeng(Department of Library,Information and Archives Management,School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;National Science Library,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;China Bureau of Academic Divisions,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学经济与管理学院信息资源管理系,北京100049 [2]中国科学院文献情报中心,北京100190 [3]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [4]中国科学院学部工作局,北京100190

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2023年第12期156-173,共18页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：中国科协创新战略研究院高水平科技创新智库建设项目(BNQQ-2021CG)。

摘　　要：经济全球化和大科学时代背景下,科研人员的跨国流动正成为常态。积极探索并适应科研人员跨国流动特点和规律,理解跨国流动对科研人员个体的影响机理,对于我国面向全球化态势优化人才培养体系和人才计划,建设世界科技创新人才高地具有重要意义。研究基于ICSR Lab数据科学平台和Scopus数据库,利用长周期(101年)、大规模(1700万人)的科研人员论文数据构建科研人员的学术生涯地址序列,通过挖掘地址序列中蕴含的跨国流动特征,分别从长周期和瞬时角度设计对照实证研究,探究了科研人员跨国流动特征与论文产出绩效的潜在关联与影响效应。研究有以下主要发现:(1)跨国流动经历与科研人员职业生涯发展间的关联是正向且显著的;(2)跨国流动的影响具有差异敏感性,当来源国和目标国在经济发展、学科发展、区域特点上差异明显时,更易引发知识溢出效应和产出绩效的提升;(3)跨国流动的影响具有易饱和性,为个体带来高于同龄人成长速度的主要为学术生涯初期和最初1~2次的跨国流动。同时,研究也给出若干基于统计推论的高影响系数跨国流动特征。In the context of economic globalization and the era of big science,the transnational mobility of researchers has become commonplace.Actively exploring and adapting to the characteristics and patterns of researchers'transnational mobility,as well as understanding the impact mechanisms on individual researchers,holds significant importance for optimizing talent development systems and talent plans in China,responding to the global landscape.Specifically,this study aims to address two main questions:Is there a potential connection between the characteristics of transnational mobility and the academic performance of researchers?Under what conditions does transnational mobility most favor the development of researchers'academic careers?This study leveraged the ICSR Lab data science platform to mine a vast literature dataset from the Scopus database spanning 100 years with a total of 80 million records.Using this data,personal academic career address sequences were constructed for a large-scalecohort of researchers(17 million individuals).Two contrasting empirical studies were designed from both a long-term and a momentary perspective.From a long-term viewpoint,the research identified macro features of each researcher's address sequence,such as mobility types and patterns.Regression models were then utilized to explore potential connections between these features and various individual career performance indicators(average annual publication count,average citations per paper,H-index superiority rate,quantity of top papers).From a momentary perspective,the study employed a Difference-in-Differences model to investigate the characteristics of transnational mobility events(including country combinations,country-discipline combinations)and their gain effects on researchers'academic careers.The study's results indicate that:(1)Researchers with a history of mobility tend to exhibit superior performance in various publication metrics across all age groups.For young scholars,mobility experiences are often associated with an i

关 键 词：跨国流动 科研人员 个体流动特征 论文产出绩效 

分 类 号：G316[文化科学] C961.9[经济管理—人力资源管理]