青少年人工流产女性避孕现状及避孕指导  

The current contraceptice situation and the contraceptive guidance for the adolescents client of induced abortion

作　　者：张娜[1] 张晟宁 田舒桐 樊杨[1] ZHANG Na;ZHANG Shengning;TIAN Shutong;FAN Yang(The People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,750000;Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University of Shandong Province)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区人民医院,银川750000 [2]山东省烟台市烟台山医院,滨州医学院附属医院

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2024年第2期460-463,共4页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

摘　　要：目的:了解青少年性行为特点及避孕现状,分析青少年非意愿妊娠原因,为青少年优选避孕方法提供意见。方法:收集2018年1月-2022年12月在宁夏回族自治区人民医院行人工流产的14~19岁青少年共240例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:2018-2022年青少年妊娠流产占比为3.9%;240例中未采取避孕措施101例(42.1%),采取避孕措施者139例(57.9%);主要采用男性避孕套避孕74例(53.2%),其次为口服紧急避孕药物23例(16.6%)、安全期避孕22例(15.8%),体外射精20例(14.4%)。未采取避孕措施的主要原因为避孕药具获取不方便(47.5%),其次为既往不舒服的性体验(38.6%)及心存侥幸心理(33.7%)。对青少年人工流产者在术前及术后进行咨询教育服务后,避孕知识问卷评分优级的占比明显提高,避孕知识知晓率显著高于咨询教育服务前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:青少年的避孕措施使用率低和缺乏科学避孕节育知识、接受性教育不足是意外妊娠的主要原因。呼吁教育部门、学校、医院和社区加强对青少年避孕知识的宣传教育,提高避孕药具可及性及流产后服务水平。以降低青少年妊娠率,保护青少年生殖健康。Objective:To understand the characteristics of the sexual behavior and the current status of the contracep-tion of the adolescent,to analyze the reasons of the unwanted pregnancy of the adolescents,and to provide the sugges-tions for the optimization of the contraceptive methods of the adolescents.Methods:A total of 240 adolescents aged 14-19 years old who underwent induced abortion in Ningxia hui autonomous region people's hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were collected,and the clinical data of these adolescents were analyzed retrospectively.Results:The proportion of the adolescents with abortion was approximately 3.9%from 2018 to 2022.Among 240 adolescents with abortion,there were 101(42.1%)cases without any contraceptive measures and 139(57.9%)cases with contraceptive measures.Among the adolescents with contraceptive methods,74(53.2%)cases had mainly male condoms used,then followed by 23(16.6%)cases with emergency contraception,22(15.8%)cases with the safe period contraception and 20(14.4%)cases with extracorporeal ejaculation.The main reasons for no contraceptive measures used of the adoles-cents with abortion were the inconvenient accessing contraceptive devices(47.5%),then followed by the previous un-comfortable sexual experiences(38.6%)and the sense of luck for pregnancy(33.7%).After providing counseling and education services to the adolescents with unwanted pregnancy before and after abortion,the proportion of the excellent grades scores of the contraceptive knowledge questionnaire of the adolescents had increased significantly,and the awareness rate of the contraceptive knowledge of the adolescents after counseling and education services had increased significantly(P<0.001).Conclusion:The rate of the contraceptive used among the adolescents is low,and the main reasons of the adolescents with unintended pregnancy are lack of the scientific knowledge of contraception,and the in-sufficient sex education for the adolescents.The education departments,the schools,the hospitals and the communities w

关 键 词：青少年 人工流产 避孕现状 避孕指导 

分 类 号：R169.41[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]