同伴关系与环境敏感性对青春期女性心理健康的影响及其相互作用的理论模型  

A theoretical model of the influence of peer relationship and environmental sensitivity on adolescent females mental health and their interactions

作　　者：董倩[1] 马青艳[1] 姜文慧 王崴[1] 马现仓[1] DONG Qian;MA Qingyan;JIANG Wenhui;WANG Wei;MA Xiancang(Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University,Shaan Xi′an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院精神心理卫生科,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2024年第2期8-15,共8页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(82171505)。

摘　　要：目的从青少年人格及同伴环境相互作用的角度,探讨同伴关系与环境敏感性的交互作用对青春期女性心理健康发展的影响,以及其相互作用的理论模型。方法2022年9月至11月,在陕西省西安市4个城区6所中学(7~12年级)的120个班开展青少年心理健康的问卷调查,随机选取5640名年龄在14~17岁的中学生为研究对象,其中女性有3135名(占55.6%),在完成心理健康问题(抑郁焦虑情绪、外化行为、自杀倾向、睡眠质量和主观幸福感)的测试后,进行同伴关系与环境敏感性的评估,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果①青春期女性的环境敏感性、同伴关系、抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量、自杀倾向和主观幸福感得分均明显高于青春期男性(t值分别为-7.504、-7.203、5.554、6.128、5.248、12.194、-2.864,P<0.05),而青春期女性的外化行为得分明显低于青春期男性(t=8.658,P<0.05)。②青春期女性同伴关系与抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量、自杀倾向均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.073、-0.081、-0.121、-0.422,P<0.01),与环境敏感性、外化行为和主观幸福感均呈正相关(r值分别为0.087、0.079、0.221,P<0.01);青春期女性环境敏感性与抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量和外化行为均呈正相关(r值分别为0.271、0.219、0.224、0.174,P<0.01),与自杀倾向呈负相关(r=-0.078,P<0.01),与主观幸福感无相关性(P>0.05)。③心理问题史在预测青春期女性主观幸福感、抑郁情绪和睡眠质量时,主效应均显著(b值分别为0.221、-0.361、-0.394,P<0.01);同伴关系及环境敏感性在预测青春期女性的主观幸福感、抑郁情绪、自杀倾向和睡眠质量时,主效应均显著(同伴关系:b值分别为0.283、-0.086、-0.431、-0.179,P<0.01,环境敏感性:b值分别为0.041、0.172、0.082、0.167,P<0.01);同伴关系与环境敏感性的交互作用均显著(b值分别为0.072、-0.074、-0.102、-0.093,P<0.05)。④同伴关系与环境�Objective From the perspective of adolescent personality and peer environment interactions,this paper explored the influence of the interaction between peer relationships and environmental sensitivity on adolescent females mental health development,as well as the theoretical model of the interaction.Methods From September to November 2022,a cross-sectional study on the psychological well-being of adolescents was conducted in 120 classes from six secondary schools(grades 7-12)across four urban districts in Xi′an,Shaanxi Province.5,640 students aged 14 to 17 were randomly selected as the study subjects,among which 3,135(55.6%)were female,and were assessed for their mental health problems(depressive-anxious mood,externalizing behavior,suicidal ideation,sleep quality and subjective well-being)were tested,peer relationships and environmental sensitivity were assessed,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results①Scores of environmental sensitivity,peer relationships,depression,anxiety,sleep quality,suicidal tendencies,and subjective well-being in adolescent girls were significantly higher than those in adolescent boys(t=-7.504,-7.203,5.554,6.128,5.248,12.194 and-2.864,respectively,P<0.05),while the scores of externalizing behaviors of adolescent females were significantly lower than those of adolescent males(t=8.658,P<0.05).②Peer relationships in adolescent girls was negatively correlated with depression,anxiety,sleep quality and suicide tendencies(r=-0.073,-0.081,-0.121 and-0.422,respectively,P<0.01),and positively correlated with ES,externalized behavior and subjective well-being(r=0.087,0.079 and 0.221,respectively,P<0.01).environmental sensitivity in adolescent females was positively correlated with depression,anxiety,sleep quality and externalized behavior(r=0.271,0.219,0.224 and 0.174,respectively,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with suicide tendencies(r=-0.078,P<0.01),but not correlated with subjective well-being(P>0.05).③The main effects of the psychological problem history were all significant

关 键 词：同伴关系 环境敏感性 心理健康 青少年 女性 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]