植物对大气中二氧化氮的吸收净化研究:方法、抗性特征及机理探索  

A Study of Uptake and Purification of Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide by Plants:Methodology,Resistance Characterization and Mechanistic Exploration

作　　者：鲁绍伟[1,2,3] 房佳兴 赵娜 徐晓天 李少宁 Lu Shaowei;Fang Jiaxing;Zhao Na;Xu Xiaotian;Li Shaoning(Institute of Forestry and Pomology,Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station,National Forest and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100093,China;College of Forestry,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所,北京100093 [2]国家林业和草原局北京燕山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京100093 [3]沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《世界林业研究》2023年第6期1-7,共7页World Forestry Research

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目“人工控制条件下典型绿化树种吸收氮氧化物功能研究”(8212044);国家自然科学基金项目“基于模拟试验的北京园林绿化树种对PM2.5吸滞与分配机制研究”(32071834);北京市农林科学院创新能力建设项目“北京森林生态质量状况监测基础数据平台建设”(KJCX20230306)。

摘　　要：氮氧化物(主要为NO_(2))目前是主要的空气污染物之一,严重威胁大气环境与人体健康。植物作为自然界的空气净化器具有重要的生态功能,对NO_(2)不仅具有一定抗性,还具有可观的吸收净化能力。利用抗性与净化能力均较好的植物对大气污染进行修复具有良好的应用前景。文中从宏观和微观角度综述植物吸收净化NO_(2)的研究方法,从叶片表观性状和生理生化指标方面概述不同植物对NO_(2)的抗性特征,以人工控制试验为背景概述植物与NO_(2)吸收净化机理及其对环境因素的响应。野外测量法和人工控制法是研究植物净化吸收NO_(2)的主要研究方法,随着研究由宏观尺度逐渐转向微观尺度,人工控制试验成为主流研究趋势,但野外测量试验仍不可或缺。目前,野外测量研究中监测站点较少,缺乏某些特定地区同时空植被区与非植被区NO_(2)浓度值的对比;人工控制试验中植物对NO_(2)抗性的研究未涉及细胞或分子水平,植物净化吸收NO_(2)机理的研究还不够深入,应加强植物吸收分配NO_(2)及其与环境因素关系的研究。Nitrogen oxides,particularly NO_2,are prominent air pollutants that pose significant threats to environment and human health.As natural air purifiers,plants have important ecological functions.They exhibit resistance to NO_(2)and possess substantial uptake and purification capacities,making them the promising candidates for remediating air pollution.This paper reviews the research methodologies employed to investigate NO_(2)uptake and purification by plants from macro and micro perspectives,summarizes the NO_(2resistance)characteristics of different plant species based on leaf trait and physiological and biochemical indices,and presents an overview of the underlying mechanisms of NO_(2)uptake and purification by plants and their responses to environmental factors primarily through artificially controlled experiments.Field measurements and artificial control experiments are the primary research methods in this field.However,the research currently tends to shift from macro-scale to micro-scale investigations,which makes artificial control experiment a mainstream method.However,field measurements remain indispensable.Nowadays,there are a few monitoring stations for field measurement studies,leading to the lack of the comparison of NO_(2concentrations)between vegetated and non-vegetated areas in specific regions,whilst the current studies of plant resistance to NO_(2)in artificial control experiments seldom pay attention to cellular and molecular-level investigations and the underlying mechanisms of NO_(2)purification and uptake by plants require further indepth exploration.In this sense,more studies should be done to better understand plants'NO_(2)uptake and distribution and its relationship with environmental factors.

关 键 词：植物 NO_(2) 人工熏气 污染抗性 吸收作用 

分 类 号：S718.512.1[农业科学—林学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]