湿润剂对育苗基质水分吸持和黄瓜穴盘苗生长的影响  

Effect of Wetting Agent on Water Absorption and Retention of Nursery Substrate and Growth of Cucumber Plug Seedlings

作　　者：郑旭[1,2] 张爱爱 尚庆茂 ZHENG Xu;ZHANG Aiai;SHANG Qingmao(National Nanfan Institute,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Sanya 572024,Hainan,China;Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]三亚中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院,海南三亚572024 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第2期46-50,共5页China Vegetables

基　　金：三亚中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院南繁专项(YDLH05),海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2021005),中央引导地方区域创新体系建设项目(XZ202202YD0002C-10),山东省重点研发计划项目(LJNY202106),国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-23-B10)。

摘　　要：基质水分吸持特性直接影响基质含水量和蔬菜穴盘苗生长发育。为了探明湿润剂对穴盘育苗基质水分吸持的作用,研究了湿润剂添加后对不同粒径育苗基质的水分吸收量、蒸散速率和黄瓜穴盘苗生长的影响,结果表明:小粒径基质吸水速率和吸水量显著低于大粒径基质,湿润剂更有利于增加小粒径基质吸水量,相对于大粒径基质增加了17.32百分点;添加湿润剂同时提高了穴盘育苗基质吸水速率和蒸散速率,并使基质在1、2、3次吸水-蒸散过程始终保持较高相对含水量;基质添加湿润剂可有效促进小粒径基质条件下黄瓜穴盘苗生长发育,显著提高了黄瓜幼苗根冠比和成坨率。表明基质添加湿润剂可有效改善小粒径育苗基质水分吸持特性,有利于黄瓜穴盘苗壮苗形成。The characteristics of water absorption and retention in substrate can directly affect its moisture content and growth and development of vegetable plug-seedlings.In order to investigate the effect of wetting agent on water absorption and retention in substrate plug-seedling,this paper studied the effects of adding wetting agent on water absorption quantity,and evaporation rate of substrate with different particle sizes,and growth of cucumber plug-seedlings.The results showed that the water absorption rate and absorption quantity of small particle substrate were significantly lower than those of large particle substrate.Wetting agent was more conducive to increase the water absorption quantity of small particle substrate,equivalently to increase 17.32 percentage points comparing with large particle substrate.Adding wetting agent had simultaneously increased the water absorption and evaporation rates of plug-seedling substrate,and maintained a relatively high substrate moisture content throughout the 1,2 and 3 water absorption-evaporation processes.Adding wetting agent to substrate could effectively promote the growth and development of cucumber plug-seedlings under small particle size substrate conditions;and significantly improve the root shoot ratio and clumping rate of cucumber seedlings.The above results indicated that adding wetting agent to substrate could effectively improve the characteristics of water absorption and retention of small particle size nursery substrates,and was conducive for the formation of strong cucumber plug-seedlings.

关 键 词：育苗基质 粒径 湿润剂 黄瓜 穴盘苗 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]