菜籽粕混合发酵饲料替代豆粕对生长猪生长性能、养分表观消化率以及血清生化和抗氧化指标的影响  

Effects of Rapeseed Meal Mixed Fermented Feed Replacing SoybeanMeal on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility andSerum Biochemical and Antioxidant Indices of Growing Pigs

作　　者：毛江笛 倪志翔 汪海峰[1] MAO Jiangdi;NI Zhixiang;WANG Haifeng(College of Animal Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第1期162-173,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：浙江省研发攻关计划重大项目(2023C02026);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1300602)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究菜籽粕混合发酵饲料替代豆粕对生长猪生长性能、养分表观消化率以及血清生化和抗氧化指标的影响。试验选用70%菜籽粕、15%玉米皮和15%麸皮混合作为发酵原料,筛选菌种后选择添加酵母菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri)和中性蛋白酶进行发酵。优化发酵条件后将条件控制为含水量55%、发酵温度30℃、发酵时间60 h,干燥制得发酵饲料。在饲喂试验中,选取平均体重为(39.3±5.3)kg的“杜×长×大”三元杂交生长猪72头,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复8头猪(公母各占1/2)。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,未发酵组(RMD组)饲喂用15%未发酵菜籽粕混合饲料替代基础饲粮中豆粕、玉米和麸皮的饲粮,发酵组(FRMD组)饲喂用15%菜籽粕混合发酵饲料替代基础饲粮中豆粕、玉米和麸皮的饲粮。试验期28 d。结果表明:1)混合发酵显著提高了菜籽粕混合饲料的粗蛋白质(CP)和三氯乙酸酸溶蛋白(TCA-N)含量(P<0.05),显著降低了硫代葡萄糖苷、植酸和单宁含量(P<0.05)。2)饲养试验结果表明,3组生长猪生长性能无显著差异(P>0.05);FRMD组总磷表观消化率要显著高于RMD组(P<0.05);与CON组相比,RMD组血清尿素氮(UN)含量有所提高(P>0.05),而FRMD组血清UN含量无显著差异(P>0.05);与RMD组相比,FRMD组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可见,混合发酵可提高菜籽粕的营养价值,并且菜籽粕在混合发酵后可部分替代生长猪饲粮中的豆粕。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of rapeseed meal mixed fermented feed replacing soybean meal on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical and antioxidant indices of growing pigs.In the experiment,70%rapeseed meal,15%corn husk and 15%bran were mixed as fermentation raw materials.After screening the strains,yeast,Lactobacillus reuteri and neutral protease were selected for fermentation.After optimizing the fermentation conditions,the fermentation feed was prepared by drying with 55%water content,30℃fermentation temperature and 60 h fermentation time.In the feeding experiment,72 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred growing pigs with an average body weight of(39.3±5.3)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 8 pigs per replicate(half male and half female).Pigs in the control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet,those in the unfermented group(RMD group)were fed a diet in which 15%unfermented rapeseed meal mixed feed replaced soybean meal,corn and bran in the basal diet,and those in the fermented group(FRMD group)were fed a diet in which 15%rapeseed meal mixed fermented feed replaced soybean meal,corn and bran in the basal diet,respectively.The experiment lasted for 28 days.The results showed as follows:1)the mixed fermentation significantly increased the contents of crude protein(CP)and trichloroacetate acid soluble protein TCA-N(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the contents of glucosinolide,phytic acid and tannin in rapeseed meal mixed feed(P<0.05).2)The results of feeding experiment showed that there was no significant difference in growth performance of pigs in three groups(P>0.05);the apparent digestibility of total phosphorus in FRMD group was significantly higher than that in RMD group(P<0.05);compared with CON group,the serum urea nitrogen(UN)content in RMD group was increased(P>0.05),but there was no significant difference in serum UN content in FRMD group(P>0.05);compared with RMD group,the serum glutathione peroxidas

关 键 词：菜籽粕 固态发酵 豆粕替代 生长性能 生长猪 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]