中国传统民本思想及民生实践  

Chinese Traditional People-Oriented Thought and Its Livelihood Practice

作　　者：左玉河[1,2] ZUO Yu-he

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院历史理论研究所 [2]中国历史研究院左玉河工作室

出　　处：《河北学刊》2024年第2期111-117,共7页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2023年度中国社会科学院阐释党的二十大精神重大创新项目“增强历史自信、文化自信研究”(2023YZD022)。

摘　　要：中国传统民本思想的核心理念“以民为本”包含三层含义:民为国本,体现了对民众地位的认识;立国为民,体现了对统治者与民众关系的认知;政在养民,体现了对社会发展规律的理解。基于传统民本思想提出的一系列“以厚民生为本”的富民之策,要求统治者采取相应政策,关心民众生计,使民众生活富足。历代统治者推行的改善民生举措主要有重农抑商、务本兴农,轻徭薄赋、体恤民力,不违农时、使民以时,以及约束官吏、勿使扰民等。中国传统民本思想及民生实践促进了近代以来民主思想的发展,对当今推进国家治理现代化亦有重要的借鉴价值。The core idea of Chinese traditional people-oriented thought,“take the people as the foundation”,contains three meanings:The people as the foundation of the country,which reflects the ruler’s understanding of the status of the people.Setting the king as the people reflects the ruler’s understanding of the relationship with the people.The government is supporting the people,which reflects the ruler’s understanding of the law of social development.Based on the people-centered thought,a series of measures to enrich the people were put forward,which required the rulers to adopt corresponding policies,care about the livelihood of the people,and make the people live a rich life.The measures to improve people’s livelihood carried out by successive rulers mainly included emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce to promote agriculture;light corvee,caring for the people;do not violate the time for farming,so that the people with time;restrain officials and do not disturb the people.Chinese traditional people-oriented thought and its people’s livelihood practice have important reference value for the development of democratic thought in modern times and the modernization of national governance.

关 键 词：传统民本思想 民生实践 德治主义 

分 类 号：D092[政治法律—政治学]