基于“同一健康”(One Health)理念《传染病学》教学的思考  

Reflections on the teaching of infectious diseases based on the One Health concept

作　　者：常巧呈 孟繁邨[1] 曹子成 刘卫东 左培军 李丽萍[1] 陆家海 CHANG Qiaocheng;MENG Fancun;CAO Zicheng;LIU Weidong;ZUO Peijun;Li Liping;LU Jiahai(Department of Preventive Medicine,School of Public Health,Shantou University,Shantou,Guangdong 515041,China;Hainan Medical University One Health Research Center,Haikou,Hainan 571199,China;School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头大学公共卫生学院预防医学教研室,广东汕头515041 [2]海南医学院One Health研究中心,海南海口571199 [3]中山大学公共卫生学院One Health研究中心,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2024年第1期111-114,共4页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：汕头大学2021年高等教育教学改革项目。

摘　　要：传染病是威胁人类健康和社会发展的重大公共卫生问题,传染病教学是公共卫生教育的重要组成部分。然而,传统的传染病教学存在着内容过于理论化和碎片化、方法过于传统和单一、视野过于局限和孤立等问题,难以适应当前复杂多变的传染病防控形势。“同一健康”(One Health)理念强调跨学科、跨部门、跨地区交流与合作,实现人类健康、动物健康和环境健康的和谐统一,在传染病的防控中具有重要意义。本文提出了基于One Health理念的《传染病学》教学改革思路,旨在通过认识到人类健康、动物健康和环境健康之间的紧密联系,提高该课的教学质量和效果。具体而言,建议从引入One Health的基本概念、原则和实践,增加One Health相关的传染病内容,采用多样化和互动化的教学方法,建立跨学科的教学合作等4个方面进行改革,并给出了具体的建议。基于One Health理念的《传染病学》教学改革有利于培养具有全球视野、系统思维和跨界协作能力的公共卫生人才,为应对新发、再发和地方性的传染病威胁提供有力的人才支撑。Infectious disease is a major public health problem threatening human health and social development,and infectious disease teaching is an important part of public health education.However,traditional infectious disease teaching faces challenges such as overly theoretical and fragmented content,overly traditional and monotonous methods,and a narrow and isolated vision,which makes it difficult to adapt to the current complex and changing situation of infectious disease prevention and control.The“One Health”concept emphasizes interdisciplinary,cross-sectoral,and cross-regional communication and cooperation to achieve the harmonious unity of health for humans,animals,and the environment,which is significant in preventing and controlling infectious diseases.This paper proposes some ideas for reforming infectious disease teaching based on the One Health concept,which aims to improve the quality and effectiveness of infectious disease teaching by recognizing the close connection between human health,animal health,and environmental health.Specifically,it is suggested to reform the teaching in four aspects:introducing the basic concepts,principles,and practices of One Health,increasing the content of infectious diseases related to One Health,adopting diversified and interactive teaching methods,and establishing cross-disciplinary teaching cooperation.Concrete recommendations are provided for each aspect.This paper argues that reforming infectious disease teaching based on the One Health concept is conducive to cultivating public health talents with global vision,systems thinking,and cross-disciplinary collaboration capabilities,providing robust talent support for coping with emerging,re-emerging,and endemic infectious disease threats.

关 键 词：同一健康 传染病学 教学 

分 类 号：R05[医药卫生]