边坡安全监测GPS-RTK信号的降噪算法研究  

Denoising algorithm for GPS-RTK signals in slope safety monitoring

作　　者：董是 龙志友 王建伟[1] 邵永军 杨超 左琛 马少华 DONG Shi;LONG Zhiyou;WANG Jianwei;SHAO Yongjun;YANG Chao;ZUO Chen;MA Shaohua(School of Transportation Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China;Shaanxi Expressway Engineering Testing Inspection&Testing Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710086,China;Xi’an New Window Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710086,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学运输工程学院,西安710064 [2]陕西高速公路工程试验检测有限公司,西安710086 [3]西安新视窗科技有限公司,西安710061

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2024年第3期265-275,共11页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52108395);国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1512000);陕西省科技厅(2021JQ-254);陕西省交通运输厅科研项目(20-03K)。

摘　　要：全球定位系统实时动态差分技术(global positioning system-real time kinematic, GPS-RTK)是解决路基边坡安全监测问题的重要手段,但GPS-RTK信号易受到多路径误差和共模误差的影响。基于小波变换(wavelet transform, WT)和主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)分别可以有效去除多路径误差和共模误差,提出WT-PCA算法去除信号误差。首先设置仿真信号,通过参数调优进一步提高单一算法的降噪效果。其次提出组合算法WT-PCA改进单一算法的缺陷,并与其他组合算法进行对比分析。最后,对十天高速路基边坡的GPS-RTK监测数据进行实例分析。结果表明,WT-PCA算法的信噪比和均方根误差较于WT-VMD优于66%和50%左右,算法可以有效地消除GPS-RTK信号的多路径误差和共模误差影响。提高边坡位移监测信号处理精度,进一步评估边坡结构形变及安全状态。Global positioning system-real time kinematic(GPS-RTK)is an important means to solve the safety monitoring problem of roadbed slopes,but GPS-RTK signals are susceptible to multipath errors and common mode errors.Here,based on wavelet transform(WT)and principal component analysis(PCA)being able to effectively remove multipath errors and common mode errors,WT-PCA algorithm was proposed to remove signal errors.Firstly,simulation signals were set up,and the denoising effect of a single-algorithm was further improved through parametric tuning.Secondly,the proposed combination algorithm WT-PCA was used to improve shortcomings of a single-algorithm and contrastive analysis was performed between WT-PCA combination algorithm and other combination algorithms.Finally,an actual example analysis was performed for GPS-RTK monitoring data of 10-day high-speed roadbed slope.The results showed that signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and RMS error of WT-PCA algorithm are better than those of WT-VMD by about 66%and 50%,respectively;WT-PCA algorithm can effectively eliminate effects of multipath errors and common mode errors of GPS-RTK signals,and improve the accuracy of slope displacement monitoring signal processing for further evaluating deformation and safety status of slope structure.

关 键 词：信号降噪 全球定位系统实时动态差分技术(GPS-RTK) 主成分分析(PCA)噪声压缩 组合算法降噪 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] U418[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]