基于信号软测量的再热蒸汽温度控制研究  

Research on Reheat Steam Temperature Control Based on Signal Soft Measurement

作　　者：翁文霖 孙玲飞 赵长祥 陈刚 范常浩 WENG Wenlin;SUN Lingfei;ZHAO Changxiang;CHEN Gang;FAN Changhao(Cangzhou Xintian Botou Energy Co.,Ltd.,Cangzhou,Hebei 061113,China;National Energy Nanjing Electric Power Test and Research Institute,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州新天渤投能源有限公司,河北沧州061113 [2]国能南京电力试验研究所,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《东北电力技术》2024年第2期1-4,共4页Northeast Electric Power Technology

摘　　要：火电机组再热蒸汽温度系统是一个大迟延、大惯性系统,在不同负荷工况下表现出不同动态特性,许多电厂面临着再热汽温自动控制投入困难的问题。再热汽温控制对火电机组具有非常重要的意义,再热汽温过高使金属材料蠕变加快,影响使用寿命,甚至引起锅炉爆管等恶性事故;再热汽温过低使机组热效率降低,还会造成汽轮机末级叶片侵蚀加剧。为此,研究一种基于信号软测量和系统动态特性补偿的再热汽温自动控制策略,基于能量守恒原理计算再热减温器后温度,解决了目前再热减温器后无有效温度测点的问题;通过试验方法对再热器和再热减温器进行建模,采用系统动态特性补偿策略将再热汽温模型等效为较小的滞后和惯性系统;通过阀门线性化处理,有效解决执行机构非线性问题。基于以上方法对某电厂2台机组再热汽温自动控制进行优化,取得了较好效果,可为同类型火电机组再热汽温控制提供参考。The reheat steam temperature system of thermal power unit is a system with large delay and inertia.It shows different dynamic characteristics under different load conditions.Many power plants are faced with the difficulty of putting automatic control of reheat steam temperature into operation.The control of reheat steam temperature is of great significance to thermal power units.The excessive reheat steam temperature will accelerate the creep of metal materials,affect the service life,and even cause malignant events such as boiler tube explosion.If the reheat steam temperature is too low,the thermal efficiency of the unit will be reduced,and the erosion at the last stage blade of the turbine will be intensified.Therefore,an automatic control strategy of reheat steam temperature based on signal soft measurement and system dynamic characteristic compensation is studied.Based on the principle of energy conservation,the temperature behind the reheat desuperheater is calculated,which solves the problem that there is no effective temperature measuring point behind the reheat desuperheater at present.The reheater and reheat desuperheater are modeled by means of experiment,and the reheat steam temperature model is equivalent to a system with small delay and inertia by means of system dynamic characteristic compensation strategy.Through valve linearization,the nonlinear problem of the actuator can be effectively solved.Based on the above methods,the automatic control of reheat steam temperature of two units in some power plant is optimized,and good results are achieved.It can provide reference for reheat steam temperature control of the same type of thermal power units.

关 键 词：再热汽温 自动控制 优化 软测量 动态特性补偿 

分 类 号：TM621.2[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]