采用弹性车轮的独立轮对有轨电车曲线通过动力学性能研究  

Study on the Dynamic Performance of Curve Negotiation of Tramcar with Independent Wheelsets Using Elastic Wheels

作　　者：王磊[1,2] WANG Lei(Locomotive and Rolling Stock College,Nanjing Vocational Institute of Railway Technology,Nanjing 210031,China;High Speed Rail Safety Collaborative Innovation Center,Ministry of Education,Nanjing 210031,China)

机构地区：[1]南京铁道职业技术学院机车车辆学院,江苏南京210031 [2]教育部高铁安全协同创新中心,江苏南京210031

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2024年第1期71-79,共9页Rolling Stock

基　　金：江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助;南京铁道职业技术学院科研课题资助(Yz220003)。

摘　　要：采用动力学仿真软件SIMPACK,利用离散刚度阻尼单元模拟弹性车轮的弹性变形特性,建立了三编组现代有轨电车列车动力学计算模型,对比分析了曲线半径R400 m线路条件下弹性车轮在时域和频域内的减振性能,讨论了50~400 m不同半径的曲线线路条件下不同轮对形式的弹性车轮对中间拖车曲线通过性能的影响。计算结果显示:弹性车轮能够减小20~40 Hz、50~70 Hz和180~300 Hz频率范围内的车体垂向振动以及20~550 Hz范围内的车体横向振动。从轮对横移量和轮重减载率看,曲线半径R200 m左右是弹性车轮传统轮对和弹性车轮独立轮对曲线导向能力的分界点;从轮轨横向蠕滑率、轮对摇头角、脱轨系数和轮轴横向力看,曲线半径R100 m左右是分界点。In this article,the dynamic simulation software SIMPACK and the discrete rigidity damping elements are used to simulate the elastic deformation characteristics of elastic wheels in order to form a dynamic model of a modern tramcar composed of 3 cars;a comparative analysis is conducted on the anti-vibration performance of elastic wheels in the time and frequency domains under the track condition with a curve radius R400 m,and the impact of elastic wheels in different wheelset forms under different track conditions with curve radius of 50~400 m on the curve negotiation performance of intermediate trailers.The calculation result shows that elastic wheels can reduce the vertical vibration of carbody in the frequency ranges of 20~40 Hz,50~70 Hz and 180~300 Hz as well as the lateral vibration of carbody in the frequency range of 20~550 Hz.From the perspectives of wheelset lateral displacement and wheel load reduction rate,the curve radius R200 m approximately is the demarcation point between the curve guidance ability of the conventional wheelset with elastic wheels and that of the independent wheelset with elastic wheels.From the perspectives of wheel-rail lateral creepage,wheelset yawing angle,derailment coefficient and wheelset lateral force,the curve radius R100 m approximately is the demarcation point.

关 键 词：弹性车轮 减振性能 独立轮对 传统轮对 曲线通过性能 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]