高吸水树脂改良煤矸石基质水分特性  

Moisture characteristics of coal gangue matrix modified by super absorbent polymer

作　　者：孙智龙 杨建英[1,2,3] 史常青 李成[1] 李睿杰 杨春艳 王小展 邓莫楠 Sun Zhilong;Yang Jianying;Shi Changqing;Li Cheng;Li Ruijie;Yang Chunyan;Wang Xiaozhan;Deng Monan(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Forestry Ecological Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心,北京100083 [3]北京林业大学国家林业和草原局水土保持重点实验室,北京100083 [4]林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2024年第2期105-113,共9页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：高寒矿区水源涵养功能恢复新型材料和冻土剖面近自然重构技术研发与试验示范(2022YFF1302604)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同质量分数的高吸水树脂(SAP)对矿区煤矸石基质容重、孔隙度、毛管水运移规律和保水性等方面的改善状况,阐明SAP最佳使用量下煤矸石基质的水分运移规律,为无土矿区煤矸石基质水分条件改善提供依据,实现矿区煤矸石固废资源化利用,为植被生长提供适宜条件。【方法】通过室内土柱试验模拟质量分数0%、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%和0.4%的SAP对煤矸石基质水分运移规律的影响。【结果】(1)SAP可以改善煤矸石基质物理性质,随SAP使用量的增加,煤矸石基质容重呈下降趋势,总孔隙度与毛管孔隙度呈上升趋势;(2)SAP会极显著抑制煤矸石毛管水上升高度,且质量分数在0%~0.4%范围内,随SAP使用量的增加抑制效果逐渐增强,但当SAP质量分数为0.4%时,对煤矸石毛管水抑制程度较0.3%差异不显著;(3)最小显著差异法拟合分析得到:煤矸石毛管水上升高度随时间变化呈幂函数增加趋势(P<0.01),上升速率与时间变化呈对数函数下降趋势;(4)在室内通风条件下,72 h内不同SAP质量分数的煤矸石基质含水率持续降低,纯煤矸石(SAP质量分数0%)基质含水率下降趋势最大,水分损失率为15.96%,SAP质量分数为0.3%与0.4%下降趋势较小,水分损失率分别为3.90%和3.52%,差异不显著,且作用时间越长,SAP的保水性能表现越突出。【结论】SAP可以改善煤矸石基质水分条件,且在一定范围内,含量越高改善效果越显著。因此从经济和效果两方面考虑,首选质量分数为0.3%的SAP应用于无土矿区煤矸石基质中,为植被生长提供适宜的水气条件。[Objective]The improvement of super absorbent polymer(SAP)with various mass fractions on bulk density,porosity,capillary water migration law,and water retention of coal gangue matrix in mines has been investigated,and the water migration law of coal gangue matrix under the optimal usage of SAP has been elucidated.It provides a basis for improving the water condition of coal gangue matrix in soilless mining area,which exploits coal gangue solid waste resource utilization in mines,and provides suitable conditions for vegetation growth.[Method]The effects of SAP with mass fractions of 0%,0.1%,0.2%,0.3%and 0.4%on the water migration law of coal gangue matrix were simulated by indoor soil column test.[Result](1)There were physical property improvements of coal gangue matrix by containing SAP:the bulk density decreased with higher SAP usage amount,while the total porosity and capillary porosity showed an opposite trend.(2)SAP can significantly inhibit the rising height of coal gangue capillary water,and the mass fraction was in the range of 0%−0.4%.With the increase in SAP dosage,the inhibition effect was gradually enhanced.However,when the mass fraction of SAP was 0.4%,the inhibition degree of coal gangue capillary water was not significantly different from that of 0.3%.(3)It was obtained by(least significant difference,LSD)fitting analysis that the rising height of coal gangue capillary water increased as a power function with the time change(P<0.01),and the rising rate decreased as a logarithmic function with the time change.(4)The coal gangue matrix water content with different SAP mass fractions was dropping continuously within 72 h in indoor ventilation conditions.The moisture content of pure coal gangue matrix(SAP mass fraction 0%)decreased the most with the moisture loss rate of 15.96%.The SAP mass fraction of 0.3%and 0.4%showed smaller downward trends and the water loss rate was 3.90%and 3.52%,respectively,with insignificant difference.And there will be more prominent water retention performance of SAP with

关 键 词：煤矸石 毛管水运移 高吸水树脂 固废资源化利用 保水性 孔隙度 

分 类 号：S728.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S157[农业科学—林学]