施硒对茄子生长、硒含量与富硒能力的影响  

Effect of selenium application on the growth,selenium content and enrichment of eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)

作　　者：程芮琪 杨兰芳[1] CHENG Ruiqi;YANG Lanfang(Faculty of Resource and Environmental Science,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学资源环境学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《湖北大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期167-173,共7页Journal of Hubei University：Natural Science

基　　金：武汉市园林科学研究院科技项目(2022108002001142)资助。

摘　　要：为了认识蔬菜的富硒状况和硒对蔬菜生长的影响,进行了土壤和叶面施硒种植茄子的盆栽试验,测定了茄子生长期间的株高和收获后的生物量及其硒含量。结果表明,土施和叶施硒均增加了茄果的产量,叶施硒还有助于茄子矮化。叶施硒使茄子根、叶和果的硒含量分别增加了3.0、14.3和9.9倍,根、叶、果、地上部和总富硒量分别增加了1.6、10.2、15.0、8.5和6.7倍;而土施硒使茄子根、茎、叶和果的硒含量分别增加了3.1、4.4、5.7和2.0倍,根、茎、叶、果、地上部和总富硒量分别增加了2.1、5.8、7.5、4.2、5.9和4.5倍。叶施硒茄子叶和果的硒含量是土施硒的2.1和3.0倍,叶、果、地上和总富硒量是土施硒的1.3、3.1、1.5和1.4倍。对照下根的富硒率最高,叶施硒下果的富硒率最高,土施硒下叶的富硒率最高,均以茎的富硒率最低;所有处理中,地上富硒率均在64%~89%之间,呈叶施>土施>对照。叶施硒下茄子对施硒的总利用率达到30.5%,以果的利用率最高,茎最低;土施硒下茄子对施硒的利用率不到0.7%,以叶最高,根最低。总之,施硒增加了茄果的产量、茄子硒含量、富硒量和富硒率,其中叶施比土施硒更能促进茄子果、叶的硒含量、富硒量和茄子对施硒的利用率,此外叶施硒改变了茄子生长模式,促进茄子矮化。A soil pot experiment of cultivating eggplants(Solanum melongena L.)by foliar and soil selenium application was conducted to understand the effects of selenium application on the growth and selenium enrichment of eggplant.Plant heights during eggplant growth,biomasses and selenium contents after harvesting eggplant were measured.The results showed that soil and foliar selenium application increased the yield of eggplant fruit,but foliar application contributed to dwarf plant.Compared to the control,foliar selenium application increased 3.0,14.3 and 9.9 times of eggplant selenium content in roots,leaves and fruits.Foliar selenium application increased 1.6,10.2,15.0,8.5 and 6.7 times of eggplant Se-accumulation in roots,leaves,fruits,aboveground parts and total.While soil selenium application increased 3.1,4.4,5.7 and 2.0 times of eggplant selenium content in roots,stems,leaves and fruits and 2.1,5.8,7.5,4.2,5.9 and 4.5 times of eggplant Se-accumulation in roots,stems,leaves,fruits,aboveground parts and total.The selenium content in eggplant leaves and fruits and Se-accumulation in eggplant leaves,fruits,aboveground parts and the total under the foliar selenium application was the 2.1 and 3.0 times and 1.3,3.1,1.5 and 1.4 times as much as soil selenium application,respectively.The selenium enrichment rate of eggplant was the highest in roots by control,in leaves by soil selenium application and in fruits by foliar selenium application,with the lowest in stems by all treatments.The selenium enrichment rates in aboveground parts of eggplant were in the range of 64%~89%and in the order of foliar selenium application>soil selenium application>control.In foliar selenium application,the selenium utilization rate was up to 30.5%,the highest in fruits and the lowest in stems,but under soil selenium application,it was less than 0.7%,the highest in leaves and the lowest in stems.It was concluded that selenium application increased fruit yield,selenium content,Se-accumulation and selenium enrichment rate of eggplants,with fol

关 键 词：茄子 施硒 硒含量 富硒量 富硒率 利用率 

分 类 号：S143.71[农业科学—肥料学] S641.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]