河北邢窑和定窑唐三彩烧制工艺的无损分析  

The Non-Destructive Analysis of Fired Technology of Tang Sancai From Xing Kiln and Ding Kiln in Hebei

作　　者：陈殿[1] 侯禹存 黄信 李融武[4] 潘秋丽[2] 程琳 CHEN Dian;HOU Yu-cun;HUANG Xin;LI Rong-wu;PAN Qiu-li;CHENG Lin(School of History,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education,College of Nuclear Science and Technology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Shijiazhuang 050031,China;Department of Physics,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院,北京100875 [2]射线束技术教育部重点实验室,北京师范大学核科学与技术学院,北京100875 [3]河北省文物考古研究院,河北石家庄050031 [4]北京师范大学物理学系,北京100875

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2024年第3期675-680,共6页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(22&ZD245);国家自然科学基金面上项目(12075028);国家社会科学基金后期资助暨优秀博士论文项目(22FKGB001)资助。

摘　　要：研究了河北邢窑和定窑发掘出土的唐三彩样品的化学成分和物相结构。结果表明,邢窑和定窑唐三彩的胎体有不同的来源或配方;值得注意的是,邢窑唐三彩XY4样品中,存在同时施钙釉和铅釉的工艺。另一方面,邢窑和定窑唐三彩的高铅釉中,普遍存在α-石英和微量钙长石的晶相;其中定窑黄釉中存在微量莫来石(3Al_(2)O_(3)·2SiO_(2))晶相和α-Fe_(2)O_(3)晶相;定窑绿釉中存在微量的Pb_(8)Cu(Si_(2)O_(7))晶相;邢窑白釉中存在少量的钾长石(KAlSi_(3)O_(8))晶相。这些微量的晶相或是釉料本身所携带或在烧制或冷却过程中发生的复杂的物理化学变化所形成的,对了解早期唐三彩的烧制工艺和真伪识别以及墓葬出土唐三彩产地的研究具有很重要的意义。This paper reports the results of the chemical composition and phase structures of the Tang Sancai from the Xing Kiln and Ding Kiln.The research results show that the bodies of Tang Sancai came from the Xing Kiln and Ding Kiln have different sources and formulations.The most remarkable thing is that Ca glaze and Pb glaze are together in Tang Sancai sample XY4 from Xing kiln.On the other hand,theα-quartz and trace amounts of anorthite are commonly found in Tang Sancai in high-lead glazes both from the Xing kiln and the Ding kiln.Notably,there is mullite(3Al_(2)O_(3)·2SiO_(2))and a trace amount ofα-Fe_(2)O_(3)in Ding kiln yellow glaze.Besides,there is a trace amount of Pb 8Cu(Si_(2)O_(7))3 in Ding kiln green glaze;Furthermore,there is a small amount of potassium feldspar(KAlSi_(3)O_(8))in the white glaze of Xing kiln.These trace amounts of crystalline phases are probably formed by complex physical and chemical changes during the firing and cooling processes or come from the glaze itself.It plays an important role in understanding the early Tang Sancai firing technology and authenticity identification and in further study of sources of Tang Sancai come from the tombs.

关 键 词：毛细管X光透镜 微束X射线荧光 X射线衍射 唐三彩 

分 类 号：O434.19[机械工程—光学工程]