不同姿态下仔稚鱼采样网用台字形沉降板水动力特性  

Hydrodynamic characteristics of frustum type depressor for sampling midwater trawl with different positions

作　　者：刘志强 万荣[1,2,3] 胡夫祥 叶旭昌[1,2,3] 周成[1,2,3] 刘志良[1] 张元锐 LIU Zhiqiang;WAN rong;HU Fuxiang;YE Yuchang;ZHOU Cheng;LIU Zhiliang;ZHANG Yuanrui(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology,Tokyo 108-8477,Japan;Shandong Haoyuntong Nets Technology Co.,Ltd.,Rongcheng 264300,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]东京海洋大学,东京108-8477 [5]山东好运通网具科技股份有限公司,山东荣成264200

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2023年第10期1282-1291,共10页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41806110);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0901502);上海海洋大学科技发展专项基金项目(A2-2006-22-200208).

摘　　要：定量仔稚鱼采样网的使用有利于评估渔业资源补充量和群体数量的动态变化,为进一步提升渔业资源的可持续利用提供决策依据。为掌握采样网用沉降板水动力特性,本研究利用水槽模型实验探究仔稚鱼采样网用台字形沉降板在不同倾斜姿态下(内、外、前、后)的水动力性能变化,并利用OpenFOAM的数值模拟方法分析不同姿态下沉降板周围流场变化。结果显示:(1)不同姿态下沉力系数随倾角和冲角增大均呈先增大后减小趋势,其均在倾角5°时达到最大,内、外倾斜下最大值分别为1.75和1.77(α=25°),前、后倾斜下最大值均为1.78(α=25°);阻力系数随倾角增大逐渐减小,随冲角增大逐渐增大;沉阻比随倾角和冲角增大均呈先增大后减小趋势,内、外倾斜下分别在倾角20°和10°时最大,为3.73和3.76(α=20°),前、后倾斜下均在倾角5°时最大,分别为3.67和3.71(α=20°)。压力中心系数在不同冲角下基本保持不变,Cpc随倾角增大逐渐增大,Cpb随倾角增大基本保持不变。(2)沉降板外侧的流速随倾角增大逐渐减小;外倾状态下沉降板边界层分离点随倾角增大逐渐向翼板前缘移动;前、后倾状态下沉降板后部的流速衰减区随倾角增大逐渐增大。本研究阐明了不同倾斜状态下沉降板的水动力性能变化,为进一步合理安装和调整沉降板工作姿态提供科学依据。The sampling trawl of Quantitative sampling of larval and juvenile fish is advantageous for assessing dynamic changes in fishery resource replenishment and population numbers.It provides a basis for decisionmaking to further enhance the sustainable use of fisheries resources.In this study,a flume tank experimental method was employed to investigate the hydrodynamic performance variations of a frustum-type depressor for sampling trawls with different inclined positions(inward,outward,and tilted).Furthermore,numerical simulations using OpenFOAM were employed to analyze the alterations in the flow field around the depressor at different positions.The results showed that the sinking coefficient of the depressor initially increased and then decreased with increasing angle of attack and heel angle,and both reached their maximum values at a heel angle of 5°.The maximum values for inward and outward inclined were 1.75 and 1.77(α=25°),respectively,and the maximum values for tilt were both 1.78(α=25°).The drag coefficient gradually decreased with increasing heel angle and increased with increasing angle of attack.The ratio of the sinking force to drag initially increased and then decreased with increasing angle of attack and heel angle.The maximum values were reached at heel angles of 20°and 10°for inward and outward inclined,with values of 3.73 and 3.76,respectively(α=20°).The maximum values were reached at a heel angle of 5°for tilted,with values of 3.67 and 3.71,respectively(α=20°).The pressure center coefficient remains relatively constant at different angles of attack.Cpc gradually increases with increasing heel angle,while Cpb remains constant with increasing heel angle.The flow velocity on the outer side of the depressor decreased gradually as the heel angle increased.Under outward inclination,the boundary layer separation point on the depressor gradually moved toward the leading edge of the plate.In both forward and backward inclination states,the flow velocity decay region at the rear of the depressor

关 键 词：台字形沉降板 倾角 水动力性能 水槽实验 数值模拟 流场分布 

分 类 号：S973[农业科学—捕捞与储运]