后处理厂红油可能组分丁醇及其衍生物与HNO_(3)的绝热量热研究  

Adiabatic Thermal Study of Butanol and Its Derivatives as Possible Component of Red Oil With Nitric Acid in Post-Treatment

作　　者：徐晓琴 刘巍 余勇斌 吴瑞才 唐双凌[1] XU Xiao-qin;LIU Wei;YU Yong-bin;WU Rui-cai;TANG Shuang-ling(School of Environmental and Biological Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学环境与生物工程学院,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》2024年第1期60-67,I0006,共9页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

摘　　要：通过绝热加速量热仪(ARC)探究丁醇、丁醛、丁酮及丁酸四种组分与HNO_(3)的放热行为,对测试结果进行对比分析,并通过热危险性综合评估指数(THI指数)法评估体系危险性。结果表明:在零氧平衡条件下,丁醛-HNO_(3)体系自放热最明显,当丁醛含量仅0.14 g时体系的绝热温升达到118.4℃,放热量为776.6 J/g;丁醇-HNO_(3)体系在40.2℃左右时开始发生放热,自反应放热段最高温度达到145.7℃,最大压力达到34 bar(1 bar=10^(5)Pa)左右;丁酮-HNO_(3)体系从50℃开始放热至136℃结束,放热量为564.0 J/g;丁酸-HNO_(3)体系在小于140.0℃的温度范围内未观察到放热点。随着HNO_(3)浓度的增加(2.0→6.0 mol/L),丁醇-HNO_(3)体系危险性从中等增加到较高级别;丁醇、丁醛、丁酮及丁酸与4.0 mol/L HNO_(3)的反应体系的危险性分别在较高、较高、中等、中等级别。The exothermic behaviors of butanol,butyraldehyde,butanone,and butyric acid with nitric acid were studied by adiabatic accelerating rate calorimeter(ARC),and the test results were compared and analyzed,and the system risk was evaluated by THI index method.The results show that under the condition of the zero oxygen balance,butyraldehyde-HNO_(3) system has the most obvious self-exothermic.When the butyraldehyde content is only 0.14 g,the adiabatic temperature of the system rises to 118.4℃and the heat release amount is 776.6 J/g;butanol-HNO_(3) system begins to emit heat at about 40.2℃,and the highest temperature in the exothermic stage of self-reaction reaches 145.7℃and the maximum pressure reaches about 34 bar(1 bar=10^(5) Pa).Butanone-HNO_(3) system releases heat from 50℃to 136℃,and the amount of heat released is 564.0 J/g.No exothermic point is observed in butyric acid-HNO_(3) system in the temperature range of less than 140.0℃.With the increase of nitric acid concentration(2.0→6.0 mol/L),the risk of butanol-HNO_(3) system increases from medium to high level.The risks of reaction systems of butanol,butyraldehyde,butanone and butyric acid with 4.0 mol/L HNO_(3) are at higher,higher,middle and middle levels.

关 键 词：红油 丁醇 丁醛 丁酮 丁酸 HNO_(3) 绝热加速量热仪 THI指数 

分 类 号：TL283[核科学技术—核燃料循环与材料]