基于二阶统计特性的方向向量估计算法的DOA估计  

DOA Estimation of Direction Vector Estimation Algorithm Based on Second-order Statistical Properties

作　　者：侯进[1] 盛尧宝 张波 HOU Jin;SHENG Yaobao;ZHANG Bo(IPSOM Lab,School of Information Science and Technology,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学信息科学与技术学院智能感知智慧运维实验室,成都611756

出　　处：《电子与信息学报》2024年第2期697-704,共8页Journal of Electronics & Information Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1711902)。

摘　　要：为了减小天线阵流形误差对波达方向(DOA)估计结果的影响,以及克服基于传统盲源分离算法的DOA估计算法不能应用于少通道测向设备的不足,提出一种基于2阶统计特性的方向向量估计算法的DOA估计算法。首先,根据确定性最大似然(DML)估计算法谱函数的特征,构造关于协方差矩阵的酉约束下的优化问题;然后,通过优化该问题获得各个单信号的实际方向向量;最后,将各个单信号的实际方向向量输入到空间谱算法中实现DOA估计。由于将多信号的DOA估计转化为多个单信号的DOA估计,因此在天线阵列流形存在误差时,所提算法比传统的DOA方法具有更好的DOA估计性能。由于所提算法仅需使用协方差矩阵,因此所提算法可应用于少通道测向设备。由仿真实验结果可知,在阵列流形存在误差以及测向设备为少通道测向设备时,与传统DOA方法相比,所提算法的DOA估计的准确度、抗扰度以及分辨率更高。In order to reduce the influence of errors of antenna array manifold on Direction of Arrival(DOA)estimation results,and to overcome the shortcoming of DOA estimation algorithm based on traditional blind source separation algorithm that can not be applied to direction-finding equipment with few channel receivers,a DOA estimation algorithm of direction vector estimation algorithm based on second-order statistical properties is proposed.Firstly,according to the characteristics of spectral function of Deterministic Maximum Likelihood(DML)estimation algorithm,an optimization problem with unitary constraints on covariance matrix is constructed.Then,the actual direction vector of each single signal is obtained by optimizing the problem.Finally,the actual direction vectors of each single signal are input into the spatial spectral algorithm to achieve DOA estimation.Because the DOA estimation of multiple signals is transformed into the DOA estimation of multiple single signals,the proposed algorithm has better DOA estimation performance than the traditional DOA method when the antenna array manifold has errors.Because the proposed algorithm only uses covariance matrix,the proposed algorithm can be applied to direction-finding equipment with few channel receivers.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has higher accuracy,immunity and resolution than the traditional DOA estimation algorithm when the array manifold has errors and the equipment is the directionfinding equipment with few channel receivers.

关 键 词：DOA估计 天线阵列流形误差 盲源分离 酉约束 

分 类 号：TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统]