油茶花芽分化过程中营养物质和内源激素的变化规律  

Changes of nutrients and endogenous hormones during the flower bud differentiation of Camellia oleifera

作　　者：温玥 郝志超 孙天雨 苏淑钗[2] 王湘南[3] WEN Yue;HAO Zhichao;SUN Tianyu;SU Shuchai;WANG Xiangnan(Xinjiang Agricultural University College of Horticulture,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [3]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《经济林研究》2023年第4期31-39,共9页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(BFUKF202108);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1002401)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨营养物质和内源激素与油茶花芽分化的关系,为调控油茶花芽分化提供理论参考和技术支持。【方法】以‘湘林27’和‘湘林14’油茶无性系为试材,结合花芽分化率,对不同花芽分化时期花芽的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质和内源激素进行定量对比分析。【结果】两个品种油茶花芽可溶性糖和蛋白质含量在花芽分化过程中的变化趋势基本相似,整体呈“M”形变化,且‘湘林27’油茶花芽可溶性糖含量在花芽分化前期和末期均显著高于‘湘林14’油茶,分别高出:9.48%(前分化期)、4.47%(子房与花药形成期)、27.21%(雌雄蕊成熟期);在整个花芽分化过程中,‘湘林27’油茶花芽内源GA_(3)和IAA含量显著低于‘湘林14’油茶,而ZR和ABA含量却显著高于‘湘林14’油茶。在雌雄蕊形成期,两品种油茶花芽IAA、GA_(3)和ABA含量相差幅度最大,分别为25.5、1.46和16.01 ng/g,而在花芽前分化期两品种油茶花芽ZR含量相差幅度最大,为13.59 ng/g。油茶花芽分化率与花芽前分化期(0.742)、雌雄蕊成熟期花芽可溶性糖含量(0.769)和花瓣形成期花芽可溶性蛋白含量(0.750)显著正相关(P<0.05),与花瓣形成期(0.878)、子房与花药形成期花芽可溶性糖含量(0.907)极显著正相关(P<0.01)。油茶花芽分化率与整个花芽分化期花芽IAA含量显著负相关(P<0.05),与ZR和ABA含量显著正相关(P<0.05),与前分化期、花瓣形成期和雌雄蕊形成期花芽GA_(3)含量显著负相关(P<0.05)。【结论】研究认为,花芽分化前期和末期花芽高水平可溶性糖有利于油茶花芽分化,且花芽分化过程中花芽低水平IAA和GA_(3)及高水平ZR和ABA有利于油茶花芽形成和分化。【Objective】The relationship between nutrients and endogenous hormones and flower bud differentiation of Camellia oleifera was investigated to provide theoretical reference and technical support for regulating flower bud differentiation of C.oleifera.【Method】Camellia‘Xianglin27’and‘Xianglin14’were used as test material,combined with the rate of flower bud differentiation,the soluble sugar,soluble protein and endogenous hormone in various phases of flower bud differentiation were quantitatively analyzed.【Result】The trends of the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein contain in the two camellia cultivars were similar during the process of flower bud differentiation,showing an‘M’shape.Besides,the content of soluble sugar within‘Xianglin 27’was significantly higher than that of‘Xianglin 14’during the early and late stages of flower bud differentiation,which were 9.48%(pre-differentiation stage),4.47%(ovary and anther formation stage),27.21%(maturity stage of female and male stamens);In the whole process of flower bud differentiation,the contents of GA_(3)and IAA in the flower buds of‘Xianglin 27’were significantly lower than those of‘Xianglin 14’,while the contents of ZR and ABA were significantly higher than those of‘Xianglin 14’.The differences in IAA,GA_(3)and ABA contents were 25.5,1.46 and 16.01 ng/g,respectively,which were the biggest differences in the bud formation stage,while the biggest difference in ZR contents were 13.59 ng/g in flower bud pre-differentiation stage.The flower bud differentiation rate of C.oleifera was significantly positively correlated with the content of soluble sugar in flower bud during pre-differentiation stage(0.742),along with the content of soluble protein in flower bud at maturity stage(0.769)and the content of soluble protein in flower bud at petal formation stage(0.750)(P<0.05).It was significantly positively correlated with the content of soluble sugar in flower bud at petal formation stage(0.878)during ovary and anther format

关 键 词：油茶 花芽分化率 可溶性糖 可溶性蛋白质 内源激素 

分 类 号：S601[农业科学—园艺学]