饲料缬氨酸添加水平对意大利蜜蜂幼虫生长发育、血液生化指标及相关基因表达量的影响  

Effects of Dietary Valine Supplementation Levels on Growth and Development,Blood Biochemical Parameters and Related Gene Expression in Apis mellifera L. Larvae

作　　者：马兰婷 程文艺 王帅 胥保华 王颖 MA Lanting;CHENG Wenyi;WANG Shuai;XU Baohua;WANG Ying(College of Animal Science and Technology(College of Veterinary Medicine),Shandong AgriculturalUniversity,Tai’an,Shandong 271018,China;Shandong Provincial Livestock Bureau,Jinan,Shandong250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院(动物医学院),山东泰安271018 [2]山东省畜牧总站,山东济南250100

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2023年第6期1486-1495,共10页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022MC069);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-44)

摘　　要：【目的】旨在确定饲料缬氨酸对意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera L.)幼虫生长发育、血淋巴生化指标及PI3KAKT-TOR信号通路相关基因的影响。【方法】选用1 d雌性意大利蜜蜂幼虫480只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复24只幼虫。以基础日粮为对照组(0%缬氨酸),在基础日粮中分别添加0.25%、0.50%、0.75%和1.00%缬氨酸。分析测定6 d幼虫体质量、体蛋白、化蛹率、羽化率、血淋巴氨基酸、生化指标,以及幼虫PI3K-AKTTOR信号通路相关基因的表达。【结果】与对照组相比,饲料缬氨酸添加组幼虫粗蛋白含量显著升高,0.25%和0.50%缬氨酸添加组幼虫体质量显著提高,0.50%缬氨酸添加水平显著提高了幼虫的化蛹率和羽化率。与0.50%缬氨酸添加组相比,0.75%和1.00%缬氨酸添加组幼虫体质量、化蛹率和羽化率显著降低。缬氨酸添加显著影响幼虫血淋巴谷氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸和脯氨酸含量。血淋巴生化分析结果表明,与对照组相比,基础日粮中添加缬氨酸可显著降低血淋巴肌酸激酶含量,但高缬氨酸添加水平可显著升高丙氨酸氨基转移酶含量。此外,0.75%和1.00%缬氨酸添加水平显著下调AmTOR、Amp70S6K、Am4E-BP基因表达。【结论】在基础日粮中适量添加缬氨酸能够促进幼虫生长发育,并改善幼虫的健康状况。回归分析结果表明,在本试验条件下,意大利蜜蜂幼虫饲料的适宜缬氨酸添加水平为0.308 9%。研究揭示了意大利蜜蜂幼虫对缬氨酸需求与生长发育之间的关系,为确定意大利蜜蜂幼虫饲料的适宜缬氨酸水平提供了理论依据。[Objective]This study aims to determine the effects of dietary valine on the growth,development,hemolymph biochemical parameters,and expression of genes related to the PI3K-AKT-TOR signaling pathway in honeybee larvae(Apis mellifera L.).[Method]A total of 4801-day-old female Italian honeybee larvae were randomly divided into five groups with four replicates of 24 larvae each.The control group was fed a basal diet(0%),and the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.25%,0.50%,0.75%,and 1.00%valine,respectively.The final larval weight,body composition(moisture content,crude protein),pupation rate,emergence rate,hemolymph amino acids and biochemical parameters,and expression of genes related to the PI3K-AKT-TOR signaling pathways were analyzed and measured.[Result]The results showed that compared with the control group,the crude protein content in the valine-supplemented groups significantly increased.The groups supplemented with 0.25%and 0.50%valine showed significant improvements in larval weight,while the 0.50%valine supplementation level significantly increased pupation rate and emergence rate.Compared with the 0.50%valine supplementation group,the groups supplemented with 0.75%and 1.00%valine showed significant reductions in final larval weight,pupation rate,and emergence rate.Valine addition significantly influenced larval hemolymph bar glutamate,glycine,alanine,valine,methionine,leucine,lysine,and proline content.Hemolymph biochemical analysis results indicated that valine supplementation in the basal diet significantly reduced creatine kinase levels,and high levels of valine supplementation significantly increased aspartate transaminase levels.In addition,the supplementation levels of 0.75%and 1.00%valine significantly downregulated the expression of AmTOR,Amp70S6K,and Am4E-BP.[Conclusion]It can be concluded that appropriate supplementation of valine in the basal diet can promote the growth and development of honeybee larvae and improve their health status.Regression analysis results s

关 键 词：意大利蜜蜂 幼虫 缬氨酸 氨基酸代谢 生长发育 

分 类 号：S894[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]