环境扫描、机会窗口与后发企业颠覆性创新模式选择——基于吉利和比亚迪的案例研究  

Environmental Scanning,Windows of Opportunity and Disruptive Innovation Mode Selection of Later-Come Enterprises:A Case Study on Geely and BYD

作　　者：刘洪民[1] 熊清怡 姜玉婷 吕海萍[1] Liu Hongmin;Xiong Qingyi;Jiang Yuting;Lyu Haiping(School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023)

机构地区：[1]浙江科技学院经济与管理学院,杭州310023

出　　处：《情报杂志》2024年第2期192-199,F0003,共9页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“基于颠覆性技术创新的企业环境扫描与创新决策耦合机制研究”(编号:22YTA630052);浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“颠覆性创新视域下企业技术监控活动及其动态适应性研究”(编号:21NDJC106YB);浙江省高校重大人文社科攻关计划项目“基于颠覆性创新的企业技术监控机制研究”(编号:2021GH029)研究成果。

摘　　要：[研究目的]快速变化的技术环境和丰富多样的市场需求,为后发企业提供了实施颠覆性赶超的机会,如何辨识和把握外部环境机会窗口并能否契合组织内部动态能力转化为创新决策和行动是企业成败的关键。[研究方法]该文通过对浙江吉利控股集团有限公司和深圳比亚迪股份有限公司的双案例对比分析,探讨环境扫描对企业识别外部环境多重机会窗口的意义及企业内部环境与机会窗口的适配性对于企业进行颠覆性创新模式选择的重要性。[研究结论]研究发现:面对不确定性激增的商业世界,战略决策前的环境扫描可以帮助后发企业有效识别技术机会窗口、需求机会窗口及制度机会窗口,而企业内部环境的充分考量有利于后发企业将自身优势最大化,从而成功实现颠覆性创新。[Research purpose]The rapidly changing technological environment and diverse market demands provide opportunities for latecomers to implement disruptive catch-up.The key to success of the enterprise is knowing how to identify and grasp the window of opportunity in the external environment and whether it can match up the dynamic capabilities of the organization with innovative decisions and actions.[Research method]A comparative analysis of Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co.,Ltd.and Shenzhen BYD Co.,Ltd.helps to discuss the significance of environmental scanning when enterprises identify multiple window of opportunity in the external environment,the importance of the adaptability between enterprises'internal environment and window of opportunity when enterprises choose disruptive innovation models.[Research conclusion]The research finds that in the face of business world with increasing uncertainty,environmental scanning before strategic decision-making can help enterprises effectively identify technological window of opportunity,demand window of opportunity and institutional window of opportunity,while full consideration of the enterprise’s internal environment can help enterprises maximize their own advantages and successfully achieve disruptive innovation.

关 键 词：环境扫描 机会窗口 颠覆性创新 后发企业 企业战略决策 案例对比分析 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]