UML类图的一致性分析  

Consistency Analysis of UML Class Diagram

作　　者：谢嘉成 蒋建民 陈华豪 唐国富 XIE Jiacheng;JIANG Jianmin;CHEN Huahao;TANG Guofu(College of Software Engineering,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学软件工程学院,四川成都610225

出　　处：《软件导刊》2024年第2期40-47,共8页Software Guide

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3305104);国家自然科学基金项目(61772004);成都信息工程大学人才科研基金项目(KYTZ202009)。

摘　　要：在面向对象开发过程中,UML类图作为表达系统静态结构的最主要方式,蕴含着大量结构信息,使得软件开发阶段各种层次类图之间的一致性难以得到保证。为保证UML类图的一致性,通常将形式化方法与UML类图结合起来对类图精化过程进行分析验证。然而在形式化过程中往往存在UML类图模型信息丢失或增加的问题。引入形式化模型统一结构不会丢失或增加信息,为此首先将UML类图描述为统一结构,给出精化函数的定义;其次给出验证精化函数有效性的算法;最后在开发的原型工具上进行实例验证。对精化过程的验证实验结果表明,该方法可以帮助设计人员及时发现并处理类图中存在的不一致现象。In the process of object-oriented development,UML class diagrams,as the main way to express the static structure of a system,contain a large amount of structural information,making it difficult to ensure consistency between various hierarchical class diagrams in the software development stage.To ensure the consistency of UML class diagrams,formal methods are usually combined with UML class diagrams to analyze and verify the refinement process of class diagrams.However,there is often a problem of information loss or increase in UML class diagram models during the formalization process.Introducing a formal model with a unified structure will not lose or add information.There⁃fore,first describe the UML class diagram as a unified structure and provide the definition of refinement functions;Then provide an algorithm to verify the effectiveness of the refined function;Finally,perform instance verification on the developed prototype tool.The verification experi⁃ment results of the refinement process indicate that this method can help designers timely detect and handle inconsistencies in class diagrams.

关 键 词：UML 类图 一致性 精化 形式化 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]