贵州省小学高年级学生行为问题现状及家庭相关影响因素研究  

A study on the current situation of behavioral problems and family-related factors of senior primary school students in Guizhou Province

作　　者：龙蓉 汪俊华[1] 张江萍[1,2] 卢春远 毛永佳 叶德鑫 谢虹雅 陈太好 李秀玲 LONG Rong;WANG Jun-hua;ZHANG Jiang-ping;LU Chun-yuan;MAO Yong-jia;YE De-xin;XIE Hong-ya;CHEN Tai-hao;LI Xiu-ling(School of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 561113,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳561113 [2]贵阳市云岩区卫生健康局,贵州贵阳550001 [3]中山大学第一医院附属贵州医院 [4]贵阳市公共卫生救治中心 [5]贵阳市云岩区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第3期460-465,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：贵阳市云岩区科学计划项目(云科项目[2021]3号)。

摘　　要：目的了解贵州省小学高年级学生行为问题现状,探讨家庭相关因素对小学生行为问题的影响。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法抽取贵州省三个经济发展水平不同市区的城、乡各1所小学,共2698名调查对象。采用自制调查问卷和家长用Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)对小学生家长进行调查,使用χ^(2)检验进行差异性比较,logistic回归分析家庭相关影响因素与小学生行为问题的关联。结果小学高年级学生行为问题检出率为11.60%,其中男、女生检出率分别为11.79%、11.40%,性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);4~6年级检出率分别为13.36%、12.49%和9.30%,年级差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。行为问题因子检出率,6~11岁年龄段男、女生分别以强迫性(4.92%)、多动(3.44%)居首;12~16岁年龄段男、女生分别以多动(2.66%)、攻击性(15.30%)居首。Logistic回归分析结果显示,父母亲内向型性格、母亲健康状况欠佳、母亲忽视型教养方式与小学生行为问题检出呈正相关(OR=1.52,1.54,1.74,2.22);父亲大专受教育程度、父母亲无不良生活嗜好、父亲民主型教养方式与小学生行为问题检出呈负相关(OR=0.43,0.66,0.64,0.59)。结论贵州省小学生行为问题检出率仍处于较高水平,与多种家庭因素相关,父母亲应提高自身素质改善家庭环境,减少小学生行为问题的发生。Objective To investigate the current situation of behavioral problems of senior primary school students in Guizhou Province,and to explore the influence of family-related factors on primary school students’behavioral problems.Methods By using the method of multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling,a total of 2698 subjects were selected from one primary school in each of three urban areas with different levels of economic development in Guizhou Province.The parents of primary school students were investigated with self-made questionnaire and Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL).Theχ^(2) test was used to compare the differences,and the logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between family-related factors and pupils’behavior problems.Results The detection rate of behavior problems in senior primary school students was 11.60%,which was 11.79%in boys and 11.40%in girls,respectively,with no significant gender difference(P>0.05).The detection rate of behavior problems in students of grades 4 to 6 was 13.36%,12.49%,and 9.30%,respectively,and the difference between grades was statistically significant(P<0.05).The top behavioral problem was obsessive-compulsive behavior(4.92%)and hyperactive behavior(3.44%)in 6-11-year-old boys and girls,respectively.The top behavioral problem was hyperactive behavior(2.66%)and aggressive behavior(15.30%)in 12-16-year-old boys and girls,respectively.The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that parents’introverted personality,mother’s poor health status,and mother’s neglected rearing style were positively correlated with primary school students’behavior problems(OR=1.52,1.54,1.74,and 2.22),while father’s college education,no bad life habits of parents,and father’s democratic rearing style were inversely correlated with primary school students’behavior problems(OR=0.43,0.66,0.64,and 0.59).Conclusion The detection rate of behavioral problems among primary school students in Guizhou Province is still at a high level,which is rel

关 键 词：小学生 CBCL 行为问题 家庭因素 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]