高密度聚乙烯微塑料与氯嘧磺隆对大豆生长和根际细菌群落的复合胁迫效应  

Effects of Combined Stress of High Density Polyethylene Microplastics and Chlorimuron-ethyl on Soybean Growth and Rhizosphere Bacterial Community

作　　者：胡晓玥 滑紫微 姚伦广[1] 杜丽[2] 牛秋红[1] 李玉英[2] 闫路 陈兆进 张浩 HU Xiao-yue;HUA Zi-wei;YAO Lun-guang;DU Li;NIU Qiu-hong;LI Yu-ying;YAN Lu;CHEN Zhao-jin;ZHANG Hao(School of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering,Research Center of Henan Provincial Agricultural Biomass Resource Engineering and Technology,Henan Province Artemisiae argyi Development and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center,Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-Route Project of South-North Water Diversion of Henan Province,Nanyang Normal University,Nanyang 473061,China;School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering,Nanyang Normal University,Nanyang 473061,China)

机构地区：[1]南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院,农业生物质资源化河南省高校工程技术研究中心,南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心,河南省艾草开发利用工程技术研究中心,南阳473061 [2]南阳师范学院水资源与环境工程学院,南阳473061

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第2期1161-1172,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：南水北调中线水源区流域生态安全高等学校学科创新引智基地项目(D23015);河南省重大科技专项(221100320200);国家自然科学基金项目(U2004145);河南省研究生联合培养基地项目(YJS2022JD35);河南省研究生教育创新培养基地项目(YJS2021JD17);河南省重点研发专项(2211111520600);河南省科技厅高等学校学科创新引智基地项目(CXJD2019001)。

摘　　要：随着我国农业的大力发展,塑料地膜和农药被广泛投入到农业生产中,而塑料地膜降解形成的微塑料和农药在土壤中累积也带来诸多环境问题.目前微塑料与农药单一作用的环境生物学效应已有报道,但两者复合胁迫对作物生长和根际土壤细菌群落的影响研究较少.因此,设计高密度聚乙烯微塑料(HDPE,500目)与磺酰脲类除草剂代表品种氯嘧磺隆共处理,研究其对大豆生长的影响,并通过高通量测序技术、互作网络和PICRUSt2功能分析,探究HDPE和氯嘧磺隆复合胁迫对大豆根际土壤细菌群落多样性、结构组成、菌群网络和土壤功能的影响,阐明HDPE和氯嘧磺隆对大豆的复合毒性.结果表明1%HDPE处理延长氯嘧磺隆在土壤中的半衰期(由11.5 d升至14.3 d),并且HDPE和氯嘧磺隆复合胁迫较单一污染物对大豆生长的影响更为明显.HiSeq 2500测序表明复合胁迫下的大豆根际细菌群落由20个门、312个属组成,门和属的组成数量显著少于对照和单一处理,并降低具有潜在生物防治特性、植物促生特性等功能菌属的相对丰度(如Nocardioides和Sphingomonas等).Alpha多样性表明复合胁迫显著降低大豆根际细菌群落的丰富度与多样性,Beta多样性则表明复合胁迫显著改变大豆根际细菌群落结构.组间样品LEfSe和PICRUSt2功能分析表明复合胁迫调控根际细菌群落的优势菌群,并减弱土壤氨基酸代谢、能量代谢和脂质代谢等二级功能层的丰度占比.由属水平网络分析推测复合胁迫降低土壤细菌间的总连接数和网络密度,使网络结构简单化,维持网络稳定的重要菌群种类也发生变化.研究结果表明HDPE和氯嘧磺隆复合胁迫显著影响大豆生长,并改变大豆根际细菌群落结构、土壤功能和网络结构,相较于单一处理,复合胁迫的潜在危害更大.研究结果可为评价聚乙烯微塑料和氯嘧磺隆生态风险,以及污染土壤修复提供指导.With the vigorous development of agriculture in China,plastic mulch film and pesticides are widely used in agricultural production.However,the accumulation of microplastics(formed by the degradation of plastic mulch film)and pesticides in soil has also caused many environmental problems.At present,the environmental biological effects of microplastics or pesticides have been reported,but there are few studies on the combined effects on crop growth and the rhizosphere soil bacterial community.Therefore,in this study,the high density polyethylene microplastics(HDPE,500 mesh)were designed to be co-treated with sulfonylurea herbicide chlorimuron-ethyl to study their effects on soybean growth.In addition,the effects of the combined stress of HDPE and chlorimuron-ethyl on soybean rhizosphere soil bacterial community diversity,structure composition,microbial community network,and soil function were investigated using high-throughput sequencing technology,interaction network,and PICRUSt2 function analysis to clarify the combined toxicity of HDPE and chlorimuron-ethyl to soybean.The results showed that the half-life of chlorimuron-ethyl in soil was prolonged by the 1% HDPE treatment(from 11.5 d to 14.3 d),and the combined stress of HDPE and chlorimuron-ethyl had more obvious inhibition effects on soybean growth than that of the single pollutant or control.The HiSeq 2500 sequencing showed that the rhizosphere bacterial community of soybean was composed of 20 phyla and 312 genera under combined stress,the number of phyla and genera was significantly less than that of the control and single pollutant treatment,and the relative abundances of bacteria with potential biological control and plant growth-promoting characteristics(such as Nocardioides and Sphingomonas)were reduced.Alpha diversity analysis showed that the combined stress significantly reduced the richness and diversity of the soybean rhizosphere bacterial community,and Beta diversity analysis showed that the combined stress significantly changed the structure of the

关 键 词：高密度聚乙烯(HDPE) 氯嘧磺隆 大豆 高通量测序 网络分析 PICRUSt2功能分析 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]