超声振动超精密车削Ti6Al4V的表面质量研究  

Research on Surface Quality of Ultra-precision Turning Ti6Al4V Assisted by Ultrasonic Vibration

作　　者：李东炜[1] 梁忠伟[1] 孔早慧 LI Dongwei;LIANG Zhongwei;KONG Zaohui(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510006,China;Department of Mechanical Engineering,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong 999077,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学机械与电气工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]香港理工大学机械工程学系,中国香港999077

出　　处：《机床与液压》2024年第2期57-61,共5页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：广东省高校科技创新团队项目(2017KCXTD025);广东省高校重点领域专项(2019KZDZX1009);广东省科技计划(2017A010102014)。

摘　　要：为研究超声振动辅助超精密车削Ti6Al4V切削性能,使用Son-x公司的UTS one设备使单晶金刚石刀具在切削方向振动,使用350FG摩尔Nanotech 4轴机床进行加工,采用四因素三水平正交试验,试验因素为切削速度、切削深度、进给速度和刀具振幅,切削力、表面粗糙度为评价指标。采用Zygo的Nexview 8050三维光学表面轮廓仪测量表面粗糙度;采用Kistler 9256B三相测力仪测量主切削力、进给抗力、切深抗力;采用日立TM3000扫描电镜对切屑进行观察。结果表明:切削速度对表面粗糙度和切削力的影响最大,切削深度和刀具振幅影响次之,进给速度对表面粗糙度和切削力均无显著影响;提高刀具振幅从总体趋势上可以降低切削力和表面粗糙度;随着切削速度的提高,即使切削速度远低于传统公式中计算出来的临界切削速度,切屑也会从平整带状变为两侧呈规律性锯齿状的带状,进而成为散裂状并且中间出现裂纹的切屑,在刀具振幅下降的过程中,以上现象更为明显。In order to study the cutting performance in ultra-precision turning Ti6Al4V assisted by ultrasonic vibration,UTS one of SON⁃x was used to make single-crystal diamond tool vibrate in the cutting direction,and 350FG Moore Nanotech 4-axis machine tool was used for processing.The experiment was designed according to four factors and three levels orthogonal table.The four factors are cut⁃ting speed,cutting depth,feed speed and tool amplitude.Cutting force and surface roughness were used as evaluation indexes.Nexview 8050 of Zygo was used to measure the surface roughness,and Kistler 9256B dynamometer was used to measure the main cutting force,feed resistance,and cutting resistance.The chips were observed by Hitachi TM3000 SEM.The results show that cutting speed has a lar⁃gest effect on surface roughness and cutting force,while the effect of cutting depth and tool amplitude is less,and feed speed has no sig⁃nificant effect on them.Increasing tool amplitude can reduce cutting force and surface roughness.With the increase of cutting speed,even though the cutting speed is much lower than the critical cutting speed calculated in the traditional formula,the chip also changes from flat bands to regular zigzags bands on both sides,and then develops into spallation chip with cracks in the middle.With the decrease of tool amplitude,the above phenomenon is more obvious.

关 键 词：超声振动辅助车削 正交试验 切屑 

分 类 号：TG519.3[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]