大气PM_(2.5)浓度与喘息儿童日就诊量的相关性研究  

Correlation study of atmospheric PM_(2.5)concentration and daily visits of children with wheezing

作　　者：秦颖超 张晓英 QIN Yingchao;ZHANG Xiaoying(Department of Pediatrics,Ninth People′s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 201900,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院儿科,上海201900

出　　处：《蚌埠医学院学报》2024年第1期115-118,共4页Journal of Bengbu Medical College

基　　金：上海市妇女儿童健康服务能力规划项目。

摘　　要：目的:研究大气PM_(2.5)浓度与喘息儿童日就诊量的关系。方法:在控制时间的中长期效应、节假日效应、星期效应基础上,利用时间序列的广义相加模型,回顾性分析2019年上海市东部地区某三甲医院儿科门急诊喘息儿童的日就诊量受天气(日平均温度、相对湿度)和大气污染物(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)及O_(3))的影响程度,并推测上述指标相应浓度范围的超额危险度(ER)。结果:上海市东部地区PM_(2.5)浓度对喘息儿童的日就诊量存在影响,大气PM_(2.5)浓度与PM_(10)、SO_(2)和NO_(2)浓度均呈正相关关系(r=0.780、0.601、0.658,P<0.05);与相对湿度、温度均呈负相关关系(r=-0.015、-0.270,P<0.05)。PM_(2.5)暴露对日就诊量的影响存在滞后效应,滞后1 d影响最大。单污染物模型结果显示,PM_(2.5)浓度每升高10μg/m 3,日就诊超额危险度(ER)(95%CI)为4.251%(0.824%~7.796%);分别引入当日SO_(2)、NO_(2)及O_(3)建立双污染物质模型,PM_(2.5)+SO_(2)、PM_(2.5)+NO_(2)和PM_(2.5)+O_(3)中,大气PM_(2.5)浓度每升高10μg/m^(3),日就诊量ER(95%CI)分别为5.442%(0.747%~10.355%)、5.371%(1.378%~9.522%)和4.535%(1.481%~7.682%)。结论:大气高浓度PM_(2.5)暴露可能影响喘息儿童日就诊量,使之增加。Objective:To study the relationship between atmospheric PM_(2.5)concentration and daily visits of children with wheezing.Methods:Using the generalized additive model of time series on the basis of controlling for the medium and long-term effects of time,holiday effects,and week effects,we retrospectively analyzed the daily visits of wheezing children in the pediatric emergency department of a tertiary hospital in the eastern region of Shanghai influenced by weather(average daily temperature,relative humidity)and atmospheric pollutants(PM_(2.5),PM_(10),SO_(2),NO_(2)and O_(3)).The excess risk(ER)of the corresponding concentration range of the above indicators was inferred.Results:PM_(2.5)concentration in the eastern region of Shanghai had an impact on the daily visits of wheezing children.Atmospheric PM_(2.5)concentrations were positively correlated with PM_(10),SO_(2)and NO_(2)concentrations(r=0.780,0.601,0.658,P<0.05),and negatively correlated with relative humidity and temperature(r=-0.015,-0.270,P<0.05).There was a lagged effect of PM_(2.5)exposure on daily visits,with the greatest effect occurring with a 1-day lag.The results of the single-pollutant model showed a daily visit ER(95%CI)value of 4.251%(0.824%-7.796%)for each 10μg/m 3 increase in PM_(2.5)concentration.The two-pollutant model was established by introducing SO_(2),NO_(2)and O_(3)on the same day,respectively,and the daily visit ER(95%CI)values for each 10μg/m^(3) increase in atmospheric PM_(2.5)concentration in PM_(2.5)+SO_(2),PM_(2.5)+NO_(2)and PM_(2.5)+O_(3)(95%CI)were 5.442%(0.747%-10.355%),5.371%(1.378%-9.522%)and 4.535%(1.481%-7.682%),respectively.Conclusions:Exposure to high atmospheric PM_(2.5)concentration may affect and increase the daily visits of children with wheezing.

关 键 词：喘息 儿童 PM_(2.5) 广义相加模型 时间序列分析 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]