“荆扬二分”与“同源相连”:南朝正史地理志诸州排序的结构特征和地理基础  

Zoning by East-West and Grouping by Source:On the Structural Features and Geographic Foundations of the Orderings of the Prefectures in the O ffi cial Geographical Records of the Southern Dynasties

作　　者：姚乐[1] YAO Le

机构地区：[1]江苏省社会科学院历史研究所

出　　处：《社会科学》2024年第1期69-80,共12页Journal of Social Sciences

摘　　要：南朝两部正史地理志(即《宋书·州郡志》和《南齐书·州郡志》)中的诸州排序具有共通的结构特征和地理基础。一方面,两志都将诸州分别划入东、西两大板块,东部板块以扬州为首,西部板块以荆州为首。西部板块与荆州都督区在空间范围上高度重合,显示该宏观布局的现实基础是“荆州分陕”的政治地理架构。岭南三州在《宋书·州郡志》中划入荆州板块,在《南齐书·州郡志》中则划入扬州板块,很可能反映了南朝时期岭南地区与荆州关系的弱化和与扬州联系的加强,亦可能是受传统地理观念“岭南扬州说”影响所致。另一方面,两志的诸州排序中还存在若干相同或相似的二级分组,这些分组内部的州普遍拥有共同的建置来源以及地理区位。二级分组和组内诸州的排序均无通例可求,但同源诸州建置时间的早晚与它们在组内的次序存在一定相关性。政区建置关系之所以对诸州的排列组合构成影响,应与史臣采取的修志策略有关。The orderings of the prefectures in Songshu-Zhoujunzhi and Nanqishu-Zhoujunzhi have similar structural features and geographic foundations.Influenced by the special political-geographical structure of the Southern Dynasties,the two books divide the prefectures into two major sections:east and west,with Yangzhou and Jingzhou as the first two prefectures.Unlike Songshu-Zhoujunzhi,Nanqishu-Zhoujunzhi includes the three Lingnan prefectures in the Yangzhou section,which may be a reflection of the weakening of the relationship between Lingnan and Jingzhou and the strengthening of the connection with Yangzhou,or it may be a result of the influence of the notion that the Lingnan region belongs to Yangzhou.There are also a number of identical or similar secondary groupings of prefectures between the two books,and most of the prefectures within these groupings are divided from the same prefectures and are located in the same regions.There is no general rule for the orderings of the secondary groupings and the prefectures within the groupings,but there is a clear correlation between the historical relationship of the prefectures and the way in which they are ranked,and this correlation is likely to be related to the writing strategies adopted by the historians.

关 键 词：《宋书·州郡志》 《南齐书·州郡志》 诸州排序 政治地理 政区沿革 

分 类 号：K239[历史地理—历史学] K928.6[历史地理—中国史]