多粘类芽孢杆菌NPDY05-8对玉米茎基腐病的防治效果及对土壤微生物的影响  

Control on Maize Stalk Rot and Effects on Soil Microbes of Paenibacillus polymyxa

作　　者：邓云 田大刚[2] 苏妍 刘友 许卿 肖翔 李正美 刘小灿 郭建忠 DENG Yun;TIAN Dagang;SU Yan;LIU You;XU Qing;XIAO Xiang;LI Zhengmei;LIU Xiaocan;GUO Jianzhong(Nanping Institute of Agricultural Science,Nanping,Fujian 354200,China;Research Institute of Biotechnology,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350001,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Jianyang District,Nanping,Fujian 354200,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Jian'ou,Fujian 353100,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省南平市农业科学研究所,福建南平354200 [2]福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所,福建福州350001 [3]南平市建阳区农业农村局,福建南平354200 [4]福建省建瓯市农业技术推广站,福建建瓯353100

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2023年第12期1445-1452,共8页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省农业科学院英才项目(YC2019004)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明多粘类芽孢杆菌NPDY05-8灌施土壤后对玉米茎基腐病的防治效果,及该菌在土壤中定植情况和对土壤的细菌和真菌等微生物群落的影响。【方法】利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,以未灌施菌株NPDY05-8和种植花生轮作的土壤为对照,对灌施多粘类芽孢杆菌NPDY05-8试验地土壤的细菌及真菌群落组成结构进行研究分析。【结果】该菌株对玉米茎基腐病的田间防治效果在2021年达90.92%,2022年达95.68%,显著优于化学药剂的防效。土壤菌群分析结果显示菌株NPDY05-8能够在土壤中定植,且长期存在于土壤当中。施用菌株NPDY05-8一年Y1和30日Y2的土壤细菌多样性OTUS分别为1 096个和1 149个,均高于未施用菌株的土壤Y3的973个及轮作土壤的941个;赤霉菌属的丰度Y1为4.15%、Y2为8.76%,均低于未施用菌株的土壤Y3的17.18%;镰刀菌属的丰度Y1为0.80%、Y2为1.12%,均低于未施用菌株的土壤Y3的2.17%;施用菌株一年的土壤与施用菌株30日的土壤在细菌和真菌水平的相关性指数高,距离最近。【结论】灌施菌株NPDY05-8能改变土壤的真菌及细菌的种群结构,控制有害真菌,达到持久改良土壤和防治土传性真菌病害的目的。【Objective】Control on maize stalk rot and effects on soil microbial communities by the addition of Paenibacillus polymyxa in soil were studied.【Method】On a peanut rotational cultivation field,composition and structure of the microbial communities in the soil were determined using the illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technique to compare with those on the land incorporated with P.polymyxa NPDY05-8.【Result】The disease control on the maize stalk rot by addition of NPDY05-8 in soil reached 90.92%in 2021 and 96.58%in 2022 as shown by the experiment.Those were significantly more effective than what was achieved by using chemical treatments.NPDY05-8 continued to present in soil after the colonization in a year(Y1)with an OTU of 1096 and in 30-d(Y2)of 1149,which were significantly higher than control(Y3)of 941.Meanwhile,the population of Gibberella at 4.15%in Y1 and 8.76%in Y2 were significantly lower than that in Y3 at 17.18%;and that of Fusarium at 0.80%in Y1 and 1.12%in Y2,significantly lower than that in Y3 at 2.17%.【Conclusion】Addition of NPDY05-8 in maize field altered the microbial community in the soil that significantly provided a lasting control effect on the pathogenic fungi for maize farming.

关 键 词：多粘类芽孢杆菌 玉米茎基腐病 高通量测序 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]