燃气涡轮发动机关键部件疲劳小裂纹研究进展  

Review of fatigue small cracks in key components of gas turbine engines

作　　者：赵高乐 齐红宇[1,2] 李少林 杨晓光[1,2] 石多奇 ZHAO Gaole;QI Hongyu;LI Shaolin;YANG Xiaoguang;SHI Duoqi(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Aero-Engine Structure and Strength,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院,北京100191 [2]航空发动机结构强度北京市重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《力学进展》2023年第4期819-865,共47页Advances in Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51975027)。

摘　　要：疲劳小裂纹扩展作为疲劳开裂过程中的关键阶段之一,显著影响着材料和结构的疲劳断裂过程.因具有速率波动和扩展路径偏转等特点,小裂纹效应给材料和结构疲劳寿命预测结果带来了不确定性,从而影响燃气涡轮发动机等机械结构的服役安全.本文围绕燃气涡轮发动机关键部件材料的疲劳小裂纹扩展问题,首先总结了当前疲劳小裂纹的扩展规律及其对疲劳寿命的影响规律;其次,针对先进燃气涡轮发动机关键部件常用的多晶合金和单晶合金,揭示了疲劳小裂纹的萌生和扩展机理;再次,对疲劳小裂纹扩展模型进行了总结,且指出了各模型的优缺点;从次,重点针对先进燃气涡轮发动机热端部件的工作环境,综述了热腐蚀/氧化介质中的疲劳小裂纹扩展行为和模型;最后,对当前疲劳小裂纹相关研究进行了总结,且结合燃气涡轮发动机领域提出了未来的研究趋势与方向.本文以期为先进燃气涡轮发动机关键部件的设计、安全评估和寿命预测提供理论知识和科学方法.The growth behavior of small cracks,as one of the key stages in the fatigue cracking process,significantly affects the fatigue fracture process of materials and structures.Due to the characteristics of rate fluctuation and expansion path deflection,the small crack effect brings uncertainty to the fatigue life prediction results of materials and structures.It brings uncertainty to the fatigue life prediction results of materials and structures.Therefore,it affects the service safety of mechanical structures such as gas turbines.It focuses on the problem of fatigue small crack propagation in key component materials of gas turbine engines.Firstly,a review was conducted on its laws,and impact on the overall life of materials;Subsequently,the initiation and propagation mechanism of small fatigue cracks is deeply revealed based on polycrystalline and single crystal alloys of advanced gas turbine hot section component materials;Once again,corresponding fatigue small crack growth models were summarized,and the advantages and disadvantages of each model were pointed out;Meanwhile,the fatigue small crack growth behavior and models in hot corrosion/oxidation media are reviewed and discussed combined with the working environment of advanced gas turbine hot section components;Finally,the current research on small cracks was summarized and future research trends were proposed.This review aims to provide theoretical support for the design,safety assessment,and life prediction of key components in advanced gas turbines.

关 键 词：燃气涡轮发动机 疲劳小裂纹 扩展模型 腐蚀疲劳 安全评估 寿命预测 

分 类 号：V239[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]