种植附着体全口覆盖义齿对下颌低平牙槽嵴吸收情况及口腔健康的影响  

Effects of implant attachment complete denture and traditional complete denture restoration on alveolar ridge absorption and oral health-related quality of life

作　　者：安应飞 张安生 郭莉 李影 AN Ying-fei;ZHANG An-sheng;GUO Li;LI Ying(Department of Stomatology,Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital,Shaanxi Xi'an 710100,China;Department of Stomatology,Ninth Hospital of Xi'an,Shaanxi Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安国际医学中心医院口腔科,陕西西安710100 [2]西安市第九医院口腔科,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《临床口腔医学杂志》2024年第1期34-38,共5页Journal of Clinical Stomatology

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2022JM-447)。

摘　　要：目的:分析Locator附着体固位方式的种植覆盖义齿修复与传统全口义齿修复对下颌低平牙槽嵴吸收情况及口腔健康相关生活质量的影响。方法:选取2019年10月~2022年2月医院收治的62例下颌牙列缺失、牙槽嵴中重度吸收的患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组(n=32)和对照组(n=30)。对照组给予传统全口义齿修复,观察组在下颌前牙区各植入2~4枚Straumann种植体,随后给予相适应的Locator附着体基台辅助固位进行覆盖义齿修复。比较两组患者咀嚼功能、牙槽嵴吸收情况,记录修复后各时间点口腔健康相关生活质量[口腔健康量表(OHIP-14)]、义齿佩戴满意度评分。结果:观察组患者语音清晰度及咬合力、咀嚼效率、次数均高于对照组(P<0.05)。全口义齿修复后6个月观察组患者前、后牙区的牙槽嵴吸收量及OHIP-14各项内容评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),义齿佩戴满意度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:Locator附着体固位种植覆盖义齿在重度萎缩的无牙下颌修复中固位稳定效果更佳,不仅能改善患者咀嚼功能,还可提高口腔健康相关生活质量,义齿佩戴满意度较佳。Objective:To analyze the effects of implant overdenture restoration with Locator attachment fixation method and traditional complete denture restoration on the absorption of mandibular alveolar ridge and oral health-related quality of life.Methods:A total of 62 patients with mandibular dentition loss and moderate to severe alveolar ridge resorption admitted to the hospital from October 2019 to February 2022 were selected as the study subjects.They were randomly divided into the observation group(n=32)and control group(n=30).The control group received traditional complete denture restoration,while the observation group implanted 2~4 Straumann implants in each anterior mandibular area.Subsequently,an appropriate Locator attachment abutment was used to assist in the restoration of the overdenture.Compare the chewing function and alveolar ridge absorption of two groups of patients,and record the oral health-related quality of life(OHIP-14)and degree of satisfaction of denture wearing at each time point after restoration.Results:The speech clarity,bite force,chewing efficiency and frequency of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).After 6 months of complete denture restoration,the alveolar ridge absorption and OHIP-14 scores in the anterior and posterior tooth areas of the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The degree of satisfaction of denture wearing was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Locator attachment is more effective in maintaining stability in severely atrophic edentulous mandibular restoration.It not only improves chewing function,but also enhances oral health-related quality of life,resulting in better satisfaction with denture wearing.

关 键 词：种植体 覆盖义齿 牙槽嵴 全口义齿 

分 类 号：R783.6[医药卫生—口腔医学] R782.1[医药卫生—临床医学]