吉林省豚草瘦果形态及微结构特征  

Characteristics of achene morphology and microstructure of Ambrosia artemisiifolia in Jilin Province

作　　者：王玉莹 于忠亮 吴生海 兰雪涵 杨春波[1] 杜凤国[1] WANG Yuying;YU Zhongliang;WU Shenghai;LAN Xuehan;YANG Chunbo;DU Fengguo(College of Forestry,Beihua University,Jilin,Jilin 132013,China;Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences,Changchun,Jilin 130000,China;Jixian County Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Shuangyashan,Heilongjiang 155900,China)

机构地区：[1]北华大学林学院,吉林吉林132013 [2]吉林省林业科学研究院,吉林长春130000 [3]集贤县林业和草原局,黑龙江双鸭山155900

出　　处：《生物安全学报（中英文）》2024年第1期24-31,共8页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20190301041NY)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究吉林省不同地区豚草瘦果形态及微结构特征,为豚草的识别及防控提供参考。【方法】采集吉林省吉林市磨盘山、吉林市龙潭山、桦甸市、蛟河市、长春市、四平市、公主岭市、通化市、白山市、白城市、松原市和乾安县12个地区不同豚草种群的瘦果进行扫描电镜观察、描述和拍照,分析豚草瘦果表型性状与地理-气候因子的相关性,并对瘦果形态及微结构特征进行聚类分析。【结果】豚草果皮纹饰有条状纹饰、网状纹饰和穴状纹饰;瘦果的喙长度随年均降水量增加而增加、随纬度升高而减少;果形系数随经度升高及年均降水量的增加而增加。根据形态和微结构性状聚类分析结果,将豚草瘦果分为3类(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)。其中,Ⅰ类瘦果果皮纹饰网状、中果形、短喙类,种源主要来自蛟河市、通化市、公主岭市、松原市和乾安县;Ⅱ类瘦果果皮纹饰条状、小果形、中长喙类,种源主要来自吉林市磨盘山、吉林市龙潭山、桦甸市、长春市和四平市;Ⅲ类瘦果果皮纹饰穴状、大果形、长喙类,种源主要来自白山市和白城市。【结论】吉林省豚草瘦果形态及微结构存在差异,低纬度、高降水量有利于豚草瘦果生长发育。【Aim】To investigate the achene morphology and microstructural characteristics of Ambrosia artemisiifolia in various regions of Jilin Province,with the aim of providing an identification basis for its prevention and control.【Method】In this study,achenes from different populations of A.artemisiifolia were collected from 12 regions of Mopan Mountain and Longtan Mountain in Jilin City,Huadian City,Jiaohe City,Changchun City,Siping City,Gongzhuling City,Tonghua City,Baishan City,Baicheng City,Songyuan City,and Qian′an County for scanning electron microscopic observation,description,and photography.The correlation between the achene phenotype and geo-climatic factors was analyzed,and the phenotypic characteristics of achenes were examined using cluster analysis.【Result】A.artemisiifolia achene epidermis sculpture was striped-,reticular-and cave-shaped.The beak length of achenes increased with annually increasing precipitation and decreased with increasing latitude,while the achene shape coefficient increased with increasing longitude and annual precipitation.A.artemisiifolia was divided into three groups based on the results of cluster analysis of morphological and microstructural characteristics.The first group,which included specimens collected from Jiaohe City,Tonghua City,Gongzhuling City,Songyuan City,and Qian′an County,was reticular,mesocorphical,and short-beaked.The second group,which included specimens collected from Mopan Mountain in Jilin City,Longtan Mountain in Jilin City,Huadian City,Changchun City,and Siping City,was characterized by its strip-shaped,small-shaped,and medium-long proboscis.The third group of sculptures was cave-shaped,large-shaped,and short-beaked,and included specimens collected from Baishan City and Baicheng City.【Conclusion】The achene morphology and microstructure of A.artemisiifolia differed across Jilin Province,and low latitude and high precipitation are favorable to the growth and development of A.artemisiifolia achenes.

关 键 词：豚草 瘦果 微结构 扫描电镜 吉林省 

分 类 号：S45[农业科学—植物保护]