孕妇生育动机与主观幸福感及母胎依恋的关系研究  

Relationships among fertility motivation,subjective well-being and maternal-fetal attachment:a latent class analysis

作　　者：张新涵 袁苗[2] 包梦雨 赵菲[1] 张子璇 陈新霞[1] Zhang Xinhan;Yuan Miao;Bao Mengyu;Zhao Fei;Zhang Zixuan;Chen Xinxia(School of Nursing and Rehabilitation,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学护理与康复学院,山东济南250012 [2]山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)妇产科

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2024年第1期26-30,共5页Journal of Nursing Science

摘　　要：目的分析孕妇生育动机的潜在类别,探讨生育动机与母胎依恋的关系及主观幸福感的中介作用,为提高母胎依恋水平提供参考。方法运用母胎依恋关系量表、总体幸福感量表和生育动机量表对413名妊娠中晚期孕妇进行调查。采用潜在类别分析探讨孕妇的生育动机,多分类自变量中介效应分析检验不同类别生育动机对母胎依恋的直接效应和主观幸福感的中介效应。结果孕妇的生育动机可以分为自主型(23.7%)、控制型(23.7%)、混合型(26.4%)和消极型(26.2%)4个潜在类别。中介效应分析发现,与自主型生育动机相比,控制型和消极型生育动机对母胎依恋的相对直接效应显著(β=-0.519、-0.612,均P<0.05),主观幸福感的相对间接效应显著(β=-0.262、-0.221,均P<0.05),主观幸福感起部分中介作用;而混合型生育动机对母胎依恋的相对直接效应不显著(β=0.176,P=0.117),主观幸福感的相对间接效应显著(β=-0.118,P<0.05),主观幸福感起完全中介作用。结论孕妇生育动机具有明显的分类特征,其对母胎依恋的预测价值及主观幸福感的中介作用也与分类有关,应针对不同人群进行精准干预。Objective To determine the potential categories of fertility motivation of pregnant women and examine the relationship between fertility motivation and maternal-fetal attachment,as well as the mediating role of subjective well-being,aiming to provide references for improving maternal-fetal attachment.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 413 pregnant women during the mid-to-late second trimester using the Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale,the General Well-Being Schedule,and the Fertility Motivation Scale.The potential categories of fertility motivation were identified using latent class analysis,then the effects of different categories of fertility motivation on maternal-fetal attachment and the mediating effect of subjective well-being were analyzed bymediation analysis.Results Fertility motivation of pregnant women could be classified into four latent categories:autonomous(23.7%),controlled(23.7%),mixed(26.4%)and negative(26.2%).Mediation analysis revealed that,using the autonomous type as the reference,the relative direct effects of controlled type and negative type on maternal-fetal attachment were significant(β=-0.519,-0.612,both P<0.05),and the relative indirect effect of subjective well-being was significant(β=-0.262,-0.221,both P<0.05),indicating a partial mediating role of subjective well-being.In contrast,the relative direct effect of the mixed type was not significant(β=0.176,P=0.117).However,the relative effect of subjective well-being was significant(β=-0.118,P<0.05),suggesting a complete mediating effect.Conclusion Pregnant women exhibit heterogeneous fertility motivation patterns,which have different effects on maternal-fetal attachment.The role of subjective well-being is also related to fertility motivation patterns.Precise interventions should be tailored for different groups based on these findings.

关 键 词：孕妇 生育动机 主观幸福感 母胎依恋 控制型 自主型 混合型 消极型 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]